阅读短文，回答问题 Traveling through time As children, we dream of growing older; when we are older, we dream of being children. We let our lives pass us by because we have yet to learn that the harder you yearn for time, the faster it passes. This is how my story begins. In October of my freshman year, I took an accidental trip down memory lane. One day after school, I decided to take the long way home. I needed time to think. So off I went, walking through the grass. That was how I came to find a gap in the fence lining the school property. I passed through this gap and followed the treeline until I found myself in the far fields behind the neighborhood. Suddenly, I remembered it was here through the fence between the school and the fields that I watched older kids having their high school graduation ceremony. In cap and gown (长袍), they stood in the middle of the field. They looked like they were having the most fun I had ever seen anyone have; they looked free. Years later, I walked through that field on my way home from that same high school. The soccer nets were long gone, and the paint lines had washed away with the rain, but there it was, just as I remembered it. The old field felt like a moment trapped in time, a long-forgotten memory. Here I was, standing in between my past and my present and trying so hard to figure out just how all of those years had passed me by so quickly. The gap in the fence seemed like a distinct line between my years. A doorway between 5 and 15. I've since given this place a name, Tempus Illud, a place between places. I try to take the long way home at least once a month now. Sometimes, when I cross that bridge, I see that younger version of myself. She is so young and so desperate to speed up time. I see her peering through the fence at those graduates in the cap and gown, and she's wishing she could be just like them. She, too, could feel so free that she might just grow wings and fly away. Now I'm preparing to wear the cap and gown in a few short months. But this time, I wish to leave time to its own devices. The harder you yearn for time, the faster it passes you by. So I no longer yearn. The passage of time is inevitable, and you can't avoid it, but you can appreciate it. James Taylor sings, "The secret of life is enjoying the passage of time… Nobody knows how we got to the top of the hill, but since we're on our way down, we might as well enjoy the ride. "

1.阅读短文，回答问题

Traveling through time

As children, we dream of growing older; when we are older, we dream of being children. We let our lives pass us by because we have yet to learn that the harder you yearn for time, the faster it passes. This is how my story begins.

In October of my freshman year, I took an accidental trip down memory lane. One day after school, I decided to take the long way home. I needed time to think. So off I went, walking through the grass. That was how I came to find a gap in the fence lining the school property. I passed through this gap and followed the treeline until I found myself in the far fields behind the neighborhood.

Suddenly, I remembered it was here through the fence between the school and the fields that I watched older kids having their high school graduation ceremony. In cap and gown (长袍), they stood in the middle of the field. They looked like they were having the most fun I had ever seen anyone have; they looked free.

Years later, I walked through that field on my way home from that same high school. The soccer nets were long gone, and the paint lines had washed away with the rain, but there it was, just as I remembered it. The old field felt like a moment trapped in time, a long-forgotten memory. Here I was, standing in between my past and my present and trying so hard to figure out just how all of those years had passed me by so quickly. The gap in the fence seemed like a distinct line between my years. A doorway between 5 and 15.

I've since given this place a name, Tempus Illud, a place between places. I try to take the long way home at least once a month now. Sometimes, when I cross that bridge, I see that younger version of myself. She is so young and so desperate to speed up time. I see her peering through the fence at those graduates in the cap and gown, and she's wishing she could be just like them. She, too, could feel so free that she might just grow wings and fly away. Now I'm preparing to wear the cap and gown in a few short months. But this time, I wish to leave time to its own devices.

The harder you yearn for time, the faster it passes you by. So I no longer yearn. The passage of time is inevitable, and you can't avoid it, but you can appreciate it. James Taylor sings, "The secret of life is enjoying the passage of time… Nobody knows how we got to the top of the hill, but since we're on our way down, we might as well enjoy the ride. "

(1) How did the author feel when she saw the older kids' graduation ceremony? A. Jealous. B. Curious. C. Admiring. D. Unconcerned.

(2) What is the significance of Tempus Illud to the author? A. It honors her best childhood memory. B. It bridges her past, present and future. C. It shows the miracle of frozen time. D. It symbolizes high school graduation.

(3) What is the author's perspective on time at the end? A. She is addicted to the past. B. She yearns for time to pass quicker. C. She wants to run after time. D. She decides to enjoy the moment.

(4) What is the author's main purpose in writing the article? A. To suggest that time brings the truth to light. B. To show that tough times never last. C. To explain how time changes everything. D. To share her changing attitude toward time.

【考点】

推理判断题; 细节理解题; 人生百味类; 夹叙夹议;

【答案】

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阅读理解未知普通

1.阅读理解

One of the earliest forms of writing which is still being used today is Chinese characters, or hanzi. The image that many people have of Chinese characters is that they are all pictograms, but this is far from the case because pictograms have very limited use. Simple pictograms might be practical, for example, if one is making a shopping list of items to buy at the store, but they are fairly useless if one is writing something more complex or abstract. So it is a mistake to assume that written Chinese is a "picture language"．

Besides pictograms, there are simple ideograms. These are characters which provide an abstract picture of an idea, but in an often easily recognizable form. For example, "up" is "上" while "down" is "下". While the meanings of many ideograms are not this easy to work out, they tend to be simple, easy-to-remember characters which are commonly used.

Next we have a common category of hanzi: compound characters. These are where elements of two or more characters are combined in one character for a new meaning. Some of these are easy to understand. In many cases, however, the meanings of compound characters are more difficult to work out.

Phonetic loan characters are the characters which started out as pictograms. However, they were often used to mean other words that had the same pronunciation. A good example of this is "目". While it can be used in modern Chinese with the meaning "eye", it is most often used to mean "an item on a list". The reason was that Chinese had a word for "an item on a list" but lacked a character for it, so the word took the character "目", a character with the same pronunciation.

A final category of Chinese characters is by far the most common. These are phonetic-semantic characters. With phonetic-semantic characters, one element of each character gives a clue to the pronunciation, while the other gives a clue to the meaning.

Over the centuries, Chinese characters have continually been developed, with a trend towards the simple and more abstract. It was thought that the complexity of some Chinese characters was keeping people from being able to learn them. Thus, during the 1950s and 1960s, the Chinese government rolled out simplified Chinese characters.

(1) Why are pictograms sometimes not practical for use in a writing system? A. They are only available for shopping. B. They are too complex for people to learn. C. They cannot convey abstract ideas very well. D. They are quite complicated and difficult to write.

(2) What do we know about compound characters according to the passage? A. They are drawings of objects used in a writing system. B. They are characters which use elements of two or more characters. C. They are characters used in a writing system to convey abstract concepts. D. They are characters which give clues to both the meaning and pronunciation.

(3) Which of the following categories does the character "模" belong to? A. Pictograms. B. Phonetic loan characters. C. Ideograms. D. Phonetic-semantic characters.

(4) What would be the benefit of simplifying Chinese characters according to the passage? A. Creating a standard character set for China. B. Visualizing the image of Chinese characters. C. Popularizing the use of Chinese characters. D. Reproducing a high-grade character for calligraphy.

阅读理解未知普通

2. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), hundreds of marine(海洋的) species across the world come under endangered and critically endangered categories. Some of the endangered and recognizable marine species are named here.

Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtle

The Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtle, also known as the Atlantic Ridley Sea Turtle, is endangered as the rarest and smallest sea turtle.

Distributed throughout the Gulf of Mexico and U. S. Atlantic seaboard, they gather off the coast in northeastern Mexico and come ashore in large groups to lay eggs every year. As marine reptiles(爬行动物), they are threatened by oil spills, lack of food and marine pollution.

Vaquita

As a rare marine mammal, Vaquita is on the edge of extinction only a half-century after its first sighting.

Extensive fishing in the Gulf of California has endangered this marine species, resulting in a gradual drop in population since the 1940s. According to reports, there are only a dozen of these marine mammals left in the world since the percentage of dec line in their population was as much as90% since 2011.

Whale

Fin Whale is the second-largest mammal on the planet after Blue Whale and it is also a victim of hunting. According to estimates, the global population of Fin Whale ranges from below 100,000 to around 119,000.

Humpback Whale, another whale species, has also been listed as an endangered marine species. Before the introduction of the whaling moratorium (暂停) in 1966, the species was hunted for its fur, while the population dropped by 90%. Currently, around 2,500 Humpback Whales survive in the world.

Hawaiian Mon k Seal

A native of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, Hawaiian Mon k Seal is one of the earless seals who live on warm beaches, unlike other seals.

According to recent research, only 1,400 Hawaiian Mon k Seals remain on the Islands. These seals are mainly threatened by predators like tiger sharks. Besides, other reasons like habitat loss and food limitation also contribute to their critical situation.

(1) Why do Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtles land on the beach in large groups? A. To nest. B. To reproduce. C. To avoid attack. D. To hunt foods.

(2) What is the major threat to Hawaiian Mon k Seal? A. Global warming. B. Lack of food. C. Natural enemies. D. Habitat pollution.

(3) Which of the following is the most critically endangered species? A. Vaquita. B. Fin Whale. C. Humpback Whale. D. Hawaiian Mon k Seal.

阅读理解未知普通

3.阅读理解

In the days before the Internet, critical thinking was the most important skill of informed citizens. But in the digital age, according to Anastasia Kozyreva, a psychologist at the Max Planck Institute of Human Development, and her colleagues, an even more important skill is critical ignoring.

As the researchers point out, we live in an attention economy where content producers on the Internet compete for our attention. They attract us with a lot of emotional and eye-catching stories while providing little useful information, so they can expose us to profit-generating advertisements. Therefore, we are no longer customers but products, and each link we click is a sale of our time and attention. To protect ourselves from this, Kozyreva advocates learning the skill of critical ignoring, in which readers intentionally control their information environment to reduce exposure to false and low-quality information.

According to Kozyreva, critical ignoring comprises three strategies. The first is to design our environments, which involves the removal of low-quality yet hard-to-resist information from around. Successful dieters need to keep unhealthy food out of their homes. Likewise, we need to set up a digital environment where attention-grabbing items are kept out of sight. As with dieting, if one tries to rely on willpower not to click eye-catching "news", he'll surely fail. So, it's better to just keep them out of sight to begin with.

The next is to evaluate the reliability of information, whose purpose is to protect you from false and misleading information. It can be realized by checking the source in the mainstream news agencies which have their reputations for being trustworthy.

The last goes by the phrase "Don't feed the trolls." Trolls are actors who intentionally spread false and hurtful information online to cause harm. It may be appealing to respond to them to set the facts straight, but trolls just care about annoying others rather than facts. So, it's best not to reward their bad behaviour with our attention.

By sharpening our critical ignoring skills in these ways, we can make the most of the Internet while avoiding falling victim to those who try to control our attention, time, and minds.

(1) What can we learn about the attention economy from paragraph 2? A. It offers little information. B. It features depressing stories. C. It saves time for Internet users. D. It seeks profits from each click.

(2) Why does the author mention dieters in paragraph 3? A. To discuss the quality of information. B. To prove the benefits of healthy food. C. To show the importance of environments. D. To explain the effectiveness of willpower.

(3) What should we do to handle Internet trolls according to the text? A. Reveal their intention. B. Turn a deaf ear to them. C. Correct their behaviour. D. Send hard facts to them.

(4) What is the text mainly about? A. Reasons for critical thinking in the attention economy. B. Practising the skill of critical ignoring in the digital age. C. Maximizing the benefits of critical ignoring on the Internet. D. Strategies of abandoning critical thinking for Internet users.

阅读理解未知普通