3.
“打水漂”是指用扁型瓦片或石片,在手上呈水平放置后,用力飞出,石片擦水面飞行,石片碰水面后再弹起再飞,石片不断在水面上向前弹跳,直至石片速度为零后沉入水中。其原理已在航空航天领域得到了运用,我国的“嫦娥五号”返回器第一次进入大气层一定“深度”后弹起,再第二次进入大气层返回地球,这两次“水漂”会把返回器的速度降下来,让其安全穿过大气层。假设小明在离水面高度
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3Eh%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0.8%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
处,将一质量
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E20%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Eg%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的小石片以水平初速度
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3Ev%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E10%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%2Fs%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
抛出,小石片在水面上滑行时受到的水平方向的阻力恒为
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ef%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3EN%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 竖直方向分力未知。小石片每次均接触水面
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi+mathvariant%3D%22normal%22%3E%CE%94%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3Et%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0.04%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
后跳起,跳起时竖直方向的速度与此时沿水面滑行的速度之比为常数
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ek%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 小石片在水面上弹跳数次后沿水面滑行(水平方向)的速度减为零后开始下沉。取重力加速度
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Eg%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E10%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%2Fs%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3E2%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 不计空气阻力,求小石片:
![](http://tikupic.21cnjy.com/ct20241o/13/52/13529a768c3b855e0497c829a2a4df24.png)