1. 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳答案。

We can create learning moments that students remember forever if we open up our classrooms to awe and wonder. 

Toward the end of my high school year, our Spanish teacher organized a trip to see an Andean band perform in Philadelphia. My classmates and I egged one another on ironically(讽刺地):Who could enjoy the show? The performers' clothing seemed odd. The instruments, strange. But then the performers kicked in, dancing to their bombo and wancara drums around the stage and the panpipes and quena announced a kind of sound—new to us. 

We had spent too little time discussing the culture of the Inca in social studies but its traditions came alive for us that evening. Once the wonderful performance lit up the stage and the hall filled up with music, my teenage cynicism disappeared. I rose out of my chair to dance with honest joy. 

I have spent the last seven years living and working in South America. But my thirst for cultural exploration and a desire to understand the world outside my language and country has been alive longer than that. Sometimes I think that night dancing to those ancient rhythms unlocked this fascination. Why do I remember it so clearly decades later?

In his recent book Awe: The New Science of Everyday Wonder and How It Can Transform Your Life, psychology professor Dacher Keltner explains that "brief moments of awe are as good for your mind and body as anything you might do." Besides being a memorable emotion, awe boosts curiosity, builds humility, helps with critical thinking, and makes people feel more connected. It even makes us happier. "Twenty years into teaching happiness, "Keltner writes about how to find deep happiness, "I have an answer: FIND AWF."

Moving forward, let's do our best to build instances of awe into our curriculum(课程). So when our former students approach us on the subway years later, they will recall the magical moments from their days spent in our classes. 

(1) How did the students initially react to the Andean band's performance? A. They showed respect for it. B. They approached it with doubt. C. They left in disappointment. D. They felt joyful to appreciate it.
(2) What does the underlined word "cynicism" in paragraph 3 refer to? A. A deep understanding of music. B. A strong enthusiasm for exploration. C. A negative attitude to the world. D. A sense of connection with society.
(3) What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. The importance of finding happiness in life. B. The lasting impact of a memorable experience. C. The benefits of understanding different cultures. D. The positive role of awe in improving one's life.
(4) Who is the text intended for? A. Teachers. B. High school graduates. C. Parents. D. Psychology researchers.
【考点】
推理判断题; 词义猜测题; 细节理解题; 段落大意; 说明文; 学习教育类;
【答案】

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1.阅读理解

Born in New York in 1918, scientist Gertrude B. Elion had an impressive career, during which she developed medicines to cure many major diseases. Elion spent her early youth in Manhattan. She attended senior high school and had, in her words, an unbelievable thirst for knowledge.

Influenced by the death of her grandfather, who died of cancer, Elion entered Hunter College at the age of 15 and graduated in chemistry at the age of 19. She had difficulty finding employment after graduation because many laboratories refused to hire women chemists. She found a part-time job as a lab assistant and went back to school at New York University. Elion worked as a high school teacher for a few years after finishing work on her master's degree.

The start of World War II created more opportunities for women. At the age of 26, Elion was able to get a job at Burroughs Welcome, where she began a 40-year partnership with Dr. George H. Hitchings. Her thirst for knowledge impressed Dr. Hitchings, and he permitted her to take on more responsibility.

Elion and Hitchings set out on a course of creating medicines by studying the chemical composition of diseased cells. Rather than relying on old trial-and-error methods, they used the differences in biochemistry between normal human cells and pathogens(病原体) to design medicines. In all, Elion obtained 45 patents on medicine and was awarded 23 honorary degrees.

In 1988, Elion received the Nobel Prize for Medicine, together with George H. Hitchings and Sir James Black. She received other awards for her work, including the National Medal of Science in 1991, and that same year, she became the first woman to be absorbed into the National Inventors Hall of Fame. In 1997, she was awarded the Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award.

(1) What can we say about Elion as a high school student? A. She had a satisfying part-time job. B. She had a strong desire for learning. C. She had a gift for chemistry at high school. D. She made great achievements in chemistry.
(2) Why did Elion choose to study chemistry at college? A. To meet her grandfather's wish. B. To find a good job after graduation. C. To create medicines to cure diseases. D. To be a chemistry teacher in the future.
(3) When did Elion start working for Burroughs Welcome? A. In 1944. B. In 1937. C. In 1933. D. In 1984.
(4) What does the author mainly tell us about Elion in the last paragraph? A. Her later life. B. Her contributions. C. Her interest in chemistry. D. Her honors.
阅读理解 未知 普通
2.阅读理解

Children may learn new words better when they learn them in the context of other words they are just learning - according to a new research from the University of East Anglia.

Researchers investigated how 18-24-month-olds learn new words - in the context of words they already know well and those they don't. The findings help explain how children learn new words and suggest a new way that parents and carers could help boost language development.

Previous research suggests that when children hear a word they do not know and see an object they have never seen in the context of some objects that they can already name, such as a toy or a ball, they guess that the new word refers to the new thing.

Dr. Larissa Samuelson from the university wanted to know if the strength of a child's knowledge of familiar things - how well they know what "cars" or "balls" are, for example - mattered for learning new words and remembering them. They asked 82 children to take part in the study and carry out two experiments among them. And then they got some really surprising findings.

"We had expected that a stronger knowledge of familiar words would be better for learning new words, but we found the opposite was true. " Dr Samuelson said. "This new study suggests another way we might be able to help boost children's ability to remember new word-object links - by teaching them in the context of other things that they are just learning. "

It seems counterintuitive, but it is perhaps because the less well-known items don't compete with the new words as much. If they learn new words in the context of playing with well-known items such as a ball or book, they don't process the new word as much.

(1) What is the purpose of the new research? A. To challenge the findings of previous studies. B. To observe the process of children's learning. C. To better understand children's word learning. D. To compare children's different learning styles.
(2) What can be inferred from Dr. Samuelson's words? A. Their findings are out of expectation. B. Their research should focus on children. C. We should be more patient with children. D. We need to provide guidance on learning.
(3) What does the underlined word "counterintuitive" mean in the last paragraph? A. Consistent. B. Encouraging. C. Impractical. D. Unreasonable.
(4) What does the text mainly tell us? A. Less familiar words help children learn better. B. Word-object links contribute to better learning. C. New research finds the secrets of raising children. D. Children learn better with the help of their parents.
阅读理解 常考题 普通
3.阅读理解

If you are planning a trip, you may be wondering what might be in your line of travel when it comes to unique buildings. There are some unusual, unique buildings you should put on your travel bucket list.

Capital Gate—Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

Capital Gate is one of the tallest buildings in Abu Dhabi. According to the Guinness World Records, Capital Gate is the world's farthest leaning, man-made tower. The structure leans at an 18 degree angle, and intentionally so. This is a lean about 5 times greater than the Leaning Tower of Pisa.

Svalbard Global Seed Vault—Longyearbyen, Norway

Nothing grand or stunning(令人震惊的) about this structure, from a visual perspective. But, in some ways, the future of civilization may depend on the work done at the Svalbard Global Seed Vault. The Svalbard Global Seed Vault is designed to store millions of different types of seeds for the replanting of various crops in the event of any number of major global disasters. The building comes complete with blast-proof doors, airlocks, and motion sensors.

Palace of the Parliament—Bucharest, Romania

The Palace of the Parliament is the second largest administrative building on the planet. Indeed, it is so big that it can be seen from space. The structure was commissioned by the last communist dictator to rule in Romania. A fraction of the building is in use today, most of it sitting idle.

Lotus Temple—Delhi, India

If in India, a visitor interested in building and architecture should also check out the Lotus Temple in Delhi. The Lotus Temple is indeed designed to mimic the appearance of the flower. The Lotus Temple is a Bahai House of Worship completed in 1986.

(1) What can we learn about Capital Gate? A. It is the only tower in Abu Dhabi. B. It's the farthest leaning tower built by man. C. It is as famous as the Leaning Tower of Pisa. D. It's the tallest building in United Arab Emirates.
(2) What is unique about Svalbard Global Seed Vault? A. Its function. B. Its height. C. Its size. D. Its appearance.
(3) Which of the following is said to be seen from space? A. Capital Gate. B. Lotus Temple. C. Palace of the Parliament. D. Svalbard Global Seed Vault.
阅读理解 未知 普通