1.阅读理解

The first thing my wife, Peg, said when I retired was "Good news! Now you'll have time to clean the garage!" Not exactly good news-it was the one task I'd been putting off. Inside the garage had been gaps so big you could see all the way down to the ground and all the junk that had piled up since I'd started my job.

I'd earned a job as a news director, a position where I could use my skills. I threw my whole into it and put aside all the family trifles. I'd even worked my way up to head of the office. And after 30 years' service, I knew it was time to retire. But after decades of long hours and strict deadlines, now what?

This dusty garage didn't seem like much compared to the marble halls of the office building. Sure, I would have more time to spend with my family, but I worried I'd lose the sense of purpose and identity I had felt in my job.

I picked my way past coolers, snow shovels and folded canvas. Here I was puttering (磨蹭), of all things. I pulled on work gloves, then removed a box of motor oil out of the way, intending to empty some shelves when my hand hit something hard. What could that be?

"Just a dusty tin of seeds." I sighed. "Huh, maybe older than me."

I grabbed a plastic tray and pushed them into the soil. "What are my chances?" I asked an experienced gardener. "Not very good," he said. I told Peg with a sigh, wanting to get rid of the tray, but something made me hesitate.

One morning, a sprig of green accidentally came into my view. Was it just grass? A weed? Or could it be...? I found myself checking first thing every morning, until one day I saw leaves unfurled. I proudly showed off the broad, healthy leaves to Peg and our grandchildren. "I just feel it even something this old can still come up. Pretty cool, right? Just like your papal!"

(1) Why did the author put off cleaning the garage? A. The garage was not in use. B. He was lazy with cleaning. C. The garage was full of wastes. D. He was occupied in his work.
(2) How did the author feel about his retirement at first? A. He felt a sense of loss. B. He was worried about housework. C. He felt freed from burdens. D. He was hopeful about the future life.
(3) What does the underlined word "something" in paragraph 6 mean? A. The experience of planting seeds. B. The ability to take care of the seeds. C. The words from the gardener about chances. D. The expectation for the coming up of the seeds.
【考点】
推理判断题; 词义猜测题; 细节理解题; 故事阅读类; 记叙文;
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1.阅读理解

Free online courses

Greek and Roman Mythology

Instructed by Peter Struck, an associate professor of classical studies at the University of Pennsylvania, this three-week course introduces students to mythology, specifically in reference to Greek and Roman cultures. Each week students will be required to watch video lectures, ending with a quiz reviewing that week's lessons.

Scandinavian Film and Television

This six-week course is perfect for those wanting to get familiar with Scandinavian film and television scene throughout the 20th and 21st centuries. Instructor Eva Novrup Redvall, an assistant professor of film and media studies at the University of Copenhagen, leads students through weekly modules, kicking off with the early years of Scandinavian cinematic work. Film and TV clips (片段) help bring each lesson to life, as do supplemental (补充的) readings.

A Virtual Tour of the Ancient City

This class starts off with the following question: "What has Rome ever done for us?" Professor Matthew Nicholls in the Department of Classics at the University of Reading deals with that question head-on during his five-week course, focusing on the building of the ancient city of Rome and how it laid the groundwork for the construction of cities throughout the world. In addition to online discussions, the course includes digital models that students can download and view, giving them a 3-D perspective of Rome without setting foot there.

The Bard's Life and Work

Reading Romeo and JulietHamlet or any of the other works by William Shakespeare is practically a rite of passage in high school English classes, but this four-week course explore the life of the English playwright and poet. Stephen Greenblatt, the John Cogan University Professor of the Humanities at Harvard University, leads students through different approaches to literary analysis and examines how his writing has been interpreted over the centuries.

(1) How does the first course help students strengthen what they have learned? A. By playing film clips. B. By giving weekly tests. C. By offering online discussions. D. By providing supplemental readings.
(2) Which of the following courses has the longest duration? A. The Bard's Life and Work. B. Greek and Roman Mythology. C. Scandinavian Film and Television. D. A Virtual Tour of the Ancient City.
(3) What will be discussed in the course "A Virtual Tour of the Ancient City"? A. Historical cities in England. B. Greek and Roman classics. C. Ancient Roman architecture. D. Scandinavian traditions and customs.
(4) Whose course might be favored by a Shakespeare fan? A. Eva Novrup Redvall's. B. Stephen Greenblatt's. C. Matthew Nicholls's. D. Peter Struck's.
(5) What is the main focus of the course "The Bard's Life and Work"? A. Studying the life and works of Shakespeare. B. Exploring the history of English literature. C. Reading the passage about Shakespeare. D. Analyzing different modern playwrights.
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2.阅读理解

Marathon is the supreme discipline of long-distance running. They are not only attractive for top athletes, but also for hobby runners. The choice of events is almost endless. Now we have put together some most breathtakingly beautiful ones that you'll be tempted to run holding a camera.

Ultra-trail Angkor, Cambodia

The newest of a series of Angkor marathons, this endurance (耐力) test offers 32-km, 64-km and 128-km routes around the famous temples, including Bayon and Angkor Wat. Watch out for monkeys, and the gigantic tree vines that memorably hug some of the great buildings.

Dodo Trail, Mauritius

Crossing rugged (崎岖的) coastline and tropical forests,the Dodo Trail is full of wildlife, although the famous dodo bird remains, sadly, extinct. While the demanding 50km Xtreme route covers 828m-high Black River Peak, a beginner-friendly Mini Dodo Trail (10 km) is easier.

Great Ocean Road marathon, Australia

Another well-known scenic coastal drive, southern Australia's Great Ocean Road stages a footrace every May. Neckache could be a problem: in one direction lies the scenic South Sea, and in another handsome forest and, if you're lucky, a koala or two. Be warned, however, that the series of steep slopes make this one of the toughest marathons.

Big Five marathon, South Africa

Marathon meets safari at the privately owned Entabeni Game Reserve every June. The start time is dependent on the race-day location of the Big Five members-African elephants, Cape buffalo, lions, leopards and rhinos-as organizers try to guarantee sightings.

(1) Which marathon is suitable for less experienced runners? A. Ultra-trail Angkor. B. Dodo Trail. C. Great Ocean Road marathon. D. Big Five marathon.
(2) Why does the writer mention "neckache" in Great Ocean Road marathon? A. To highlight the wonderful scenery. B. To present the difficulty of the event. C. To attract attention to physical health. D. To warn runners of dangerous animals.
(3) What do the four marathons have in common? A. Risky and tiring routes. B. Beautiful coastal views. C. Chances to see wild animals. D. Fixed time for annual events.
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3. 阅读理解

Plastic, which is now common, contains endocrine-disrupting chemicals, or EDCs (内分泌干扰物), that has been linked to increased risk of many chronic diseases. Parental exposure to EDCs, for example, has been shown to cause metabolic (新陈代谢的) disorders, including obesity and diabetes, in the later generations.

Led by Changcheng Zhou, a professor of biomedical sciences in the School of Medicine at the University of California, the researchers investigated the impact of fathers' exposure to a phthalate called dicyclohexyl phthalate, or DCHP (邻苯二甲酸二环己酯), on the metabolic health of first generation (F1) and second generation (F2) in mice. Phthalates are chemicals used to make plastic more durable.

The researchers found that fathers' DCHP exposure for four weeks led to high insulin (胰岛素) resistance and impaired insulin signaling in F1. The same effect, but weaker, was seen in F2.

"We found fathers' exposure to EDCs may have intergenerational and transgenerational detrimental effects on the metabolic health of their later generations," Zhou said. "To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to demonstrate this."

In the case of fathers' exposure in the study, intergenerational effects are changes that occur due to direct exposure to a stressor, such as exposure to DCHP of fathers (FO generation) and his Fl generation. Transgenerational effects are changes passed down to later generations that are not directly exposed to the stressor (for example, F2 generation).

"This suggests that fathers' DCHP exposure can lead to sex-specific transgenerational effects on the metabolic health of their later generations," Zhou said.

Zhou stressed that the impact of exposure to DCHP on human health is not well understood, even though DCHP is widely used in a variety of plastic products and has been detected in food, water, and indoor particulate matter.

"It's best to minimize our use of plastic products," Zhou said. "This can also help reduce plastic pollution, one of our most pressing environmental issues."

(1) Why are phthalates added to plastic? A. To make it long-lasting. B. To beautify it. C. To reduce its cost. D. To increase its weight.
(2) What does the underlined word "detrimental" in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Distinct. B. External. C. Negative. D. Adventurous.
(3) What did Zhou advise people to do? A. Bury plastic waste. B. Use fewest plastic products. C. Watch out for the food they eat. D. Never produce plastic products.
(4) What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Plastic contains endocrine-disrupting chemicals B. Plastic pollution is a pressing environmental issue C. DCHP is widely used in a variety of plastic products D. Chemicals in plastic may impact two generations' health
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