On November 18, 2021, the world's first self-driving, electric container ship made its first trip to Oslo, Norway. The ship's owners aim to cut pollution by moving large amounts of products by water on the southern coast of Norway instead of by truck.
The ship called Yara Birkeland is owned by Yara,a company that makes fertilizer (肥料). The company wanted to develop a zero-emissions (零排放) ship that was completely autonomous though it might cause financial troubles. Yara worked with a ship-building company called Vard and the technology company Kongsberg to develop the ship. Yara Birkeland is a container ship that can carry 120 large containers like those pulled by trucks. But the ship is fully electric and is powered by batteries.
Now, with Yara Birkeland moving huge amounts of fertilizer by water, the company expects to cut out 40,000 yearly trips by diesel (柴油)-powered trucks, which will prevent about 1 million kilograms of carbon emissions every year.
In the future, Yara Birkeland is expected to operate completely automatically. Yara plans to spend the next two years training and testing the ship. But, as with many autonomous cars, the ship will continue to have humans watching out from a base on land even once the ship is driving fully by itself, says Svein Tore Holsether, Yara's president.
Many predicaments are waiting for Yara Birkeland. It'll be moving in a narrow waterway called a fjord. It'll have to learn to handle the changing movements of water. It'll need to pass under two bridges and avoid all the other traffic on the busy fjord. Finally, it'll have to stop safely at the port in Brevik, one of the busiest ports in Norway. The company hopes that all of these will be settled in the near future.