1.阅读理解

Julia Roberts, Tom Cruise, and Johnny Depp are all successful movie stars. But remarkably, they have all described themselves as shy. Movie stars have to perform in front of many people, so it seems strange for famous actors to be shy. But, "The fact is, " says Roger Moore, "most actors are shy people. " Could there be a connection between acting and being shy?

Shy people frequently like to pretend to be someone else. This, of course, is the same thing actors do at their work. Acting coach John Harmon says, "The best actors are usually shy children. They play alone and pretend to be kings, queens, and their favorite animals. Over time, they learn to act in this way. " Shy people and actors may feel more comfortable in an imaginary world. As Nicole Kidman once said, "As a teenager, I was like, I hate who I am. I hate how I feel. 'Theater was a place where I could go and just be somebody else. " Kidman feels much better about herself and her acting ability now. But she still finds herself feeling shy. "I don't like walking into a crowded restaurant by myself, " she explains. And as strange as it seems, Kidman is not alone.

Many actors worry more about everyday conversation than performing. "I find it hard to talk to people, " says Daniel Radcliffe. Like many shy people, Radcliffe sometimes worries about what to say during a conversation. When acting, of course, this is not a problem. "Actors like acting because they know what to say; the words are already written for them, " says Harmon. "They feel in control and more comfortable. "

For many actors, acting is a way to overcome shyness. "I started acting when I was in college because I was shy and thought it would be a good way to break out of that, " says actor Catherine Bell. Like Bell, some actors get over their shyness after many years of acting. But for most actors, the shyness never completely goes away. "I'm still a little shy, " says Julia Roberts, "But now I'm not scared of a thing!"

(1) What do the underlined words "the same thing" in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Overcoming one's shyness. B. Working with full heart. C. Pretending to be someone else. D. Improving one's ability gradually.
(2) What does the author mean by "Kidman is not alone"? A. Many actors prefer to be someone else. B. Many actors are not good at acting at first. C. Actors like Daniel Radcliffe are also very shy. D. Many actors feel pressed in daily communication.
(3) How does the author support his idea about the function of acting in Paragraph 4? A. By using proverbs. B. By analyzing reasons. C. By giving examples. D. By making comparisons.
(4) Which of the following can be the best title of the text? A. It's All an Act B. Why Actors Are Shy C. Getting over Shyness D. Realizing Your Dream
【考点】
词义猜测题; 细节理解题; 社会现象类; 议论文; 标题选择;
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1.阅读理解

Consumers around the world could be wasting more than twice as much food as thought, according to an analysis that says previous figures have been underestimated. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) claims that around a third of food is lost or wasted. Its report is considered to have played a key part in food waste reduction becoming one of the UN's Sustainable Development Goals.

"The problem is much worse than we think. We have to wake up. I hope it's a wakeup call, "says Monika Verma from Wageningen University in the Netherlands. She and her team took an unusual approach to calculate global food waste. Due to a shortage of comparable national data on such waste around the world, they instead inferred it. First, they compared how much food is produced—based on UN data on its availability—with how much is eaten, as calculated by the energy people need to consume and World Health Organization (WHO)data on body mass from 66 countries. Then they used World Bank data to factor in affluence (富裕).

This suggests that an average person wastes 527 kilo calories a day. That is about one-fifth of the 2, 500 kilo calories the average man needs to maintain a healthy body weight, according to the UK's National Health Service, or a quarter of the daily recommended intake for a woman. The previous FAO estimate came to only 214 kilocalories a day.

Verma has found that food waste starts to become a serious issue once people reach a total spending power of ﹩6. 70 a day. She says the work shows the importance of looking at different consumer attributes (属性). "Food waste is a luxury when you're poor; it's not when you're richer. The value of food goes down as you get richer. "

There are limitations to the new analysis. It only covers 67 percent of the world popula-tion and doesn't draw on data from some big food-wasting countries, including the US. The FAO says the research provides new perspectives (视角), but should be viewed as part of a body of literature. Andrea Cattaneo at the FAO has some doubts about the results, such as Japan coming out as a country that wastes lots of food, which he says" is unlikely to reflect the reality."

Verma says the biggest assumption the new analysis makes is that poorer countries will develop the same way as richer ones did in the past. That risks a" brewing potential future problem" of even more food waste, she and her colleagues warn.

(1) What problem arose while Verma and her team were calculating food waste? A. There wasn't full access to UN data. B. There wasn't the same body mass standard. C. There wasn't the total amount of food production. D. There wasn't national-level data that could be compared.
(2) Which aspect of consumer attributes does Verma's analysis focus on? A. Their health status. B. Their living standards. C. Their opinions of food value. D. Their frequency of food shopping.
(3) In what way is Verma's analysis weakened? A. It doesn't point out potential future problems. B. It doesn't draw on reliable data from the WHO. C. It doesn't take some rich countries into account. D. It doesn't pay enough attention to poor countries.
(4) What is the main purpose of this text? A. To report a research result. B. To explain a rare phenomenon. C. To give an introduction to the FAO. D. To show how to reduce food waste.
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2.阅读理解

It has become acceptable for people to say that women work less than men and therefore deserve less! It may have been true in the past when women were expected to stay at home and look after children, but women have changed over the years. They have "come out"! Gone are the days when they toiled the kitchen stove all day long; they are now aware of their needs and are willing to fight for them. They expect to be given the respect they deserve, both at home and at work. They have realized their intellectual potential and have determined to do something about it!

Women on two wheels have become a familiar sight on the roads of most Asian countries during the past few years. It is common to find a woman taking her children on her bicycle to school and then reach her office in time. She has become a major part in family decisions in every aspect and how those decisions are carried out. It would have been unimaginable a few years ago!

It is rather difficult to combine a career and a decent home life, "super woman" though she is. She needs to feel supported and fulfilled. She may arrive at work feeling as if she has already done a full day's work. If colleagues doubt her commitment to her job, she will feel sad. At the same time, women of today expect their partners to contribute towards childcare and household chores.

Today's women are learning to avoid situations that make them feel more stressed and it is a hard struggle. Despite all this, the new woman, "the superpower" has arrived. She still believes in the power and value of a family unit and she holds it in high esteem(尊重).

(1)  What is the passage mainly about? A. A woman's opinion on her job and family. B. The burden women in society have to bear. C. The change of women's status in and out of the family. D. The responsibility of a couple in a family.
(2)  Which of the following devices is used in Paragraph I? A. Comparison. B. Example. C. List. D. Definition.
(3)  Using the example in Paragraph 2, the author wants to show that ____. A. women were not seen on streets in the past B. women's jobs have changed C. today's women don't need to toil in the kitchen D. women take more responsibilities for the family
(4) According to the passage, as a "super woman", she ____. A. can do the housework all by herself B. can deal with her work easily every day C. is independent in every aspect of her life D. still finds it difficult to balance her career and family
(5) Why is the phrase "come out" used in quotation marks in Paragraph 1? A. Women are still controlled by their husbands. B. It means more than that she comes out of the house. C. Women are not actually coming out. D. Women have broken up with their families.
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3. 阅读下列短文. 从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中. 选出最佳选项。

Painting is an ancient medium and even with the introduction of photography, film and digital technology, it still has remained a persistent mode of expression. So many paintings have come into being over the years but only a small percentage of them could be described as "timeless classics". The following are some of the most famous paintings of all time. 

Leonardo Da Vinci, Mona Lisa, 1503—1519

Painted between 1503 and 1519, Leonardo da Vinci's attractive portrait has been a subject of controversy since the day it was made, due to two questions: Who's the subject and why is she smiling? A number of theories for the former have been provided over the years: That she's the wife of the Florentine merchant Francesco di Bartolomeo del Giocondo and that she's Leonardo's mother, Caterina. As for that famous smile, its quality has driven people crazy for hundreds of years. 

James Abbott McNeill Whistler. Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1. 1871

Whistler's Mother, or Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1, as it's actually titled, speaks to the artist's ambition to pursue art for art's sake. James Abbott McNeill Whistler painted the work in his London studio in 1871. Whistler's mother Anna is pictured as one of several elements locked into an arrangement of right angles. Her severe expression fits in with the rigidity of the composition, and it's somewhat ironic to note that despite Whistler's formalist intentions, the painting became a symbol of motherhood. 

Jan van Eyck, The Arnolfini Portrait, 1434

As one of the most significant works produced during the Northern Renaissance, this composition is believed to be one of the first paintings finished in oils. It portrays an Italian merchant and a woman who may or may not be his bride. In 1934. the celebrated art historian Erwin Panofsky proposed that the painting is actually a wedding contract. What can be reliably said is that the piece used orthogonal perspective to create a sense of space. It feels like a painting you could step into. 

(1) What aspect of the Mona Lisa has attracted people for centuries? A. The research methods. B. The mysterious smile. C. The attractive clothing. D. The matching of colors.
(2) Why did Whistler paint her mother? A. To show love for his mother. B. To be a symbol of motherhood. C. To express his artistic intention. D. To decorate his studio in London.
(3) Who used orthogonal perspective to create a sense of space? A. Leonardo da Vinci. B. James Abbott McNeill Whistler. C. Jan van Eyck. D. Erwin Panofsky.
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