1.阅读理解

Everyone gets anxious when the world takes an uncertain turn. And often, we treat that anxiety with a little panic buying.

A study published last year in the Journal of Consumer Research found that people buy things in troubled times as a means of keeping control over their lives. The researchers noted that utility items (实用物品) – specifically, cleaning products – tend to move most quickly from store shelves. The hoarding (囤积) of toilet paper, as perhaps the most fundamental cleaning product, may represent our most fundamental fears. An invisible enemy moves slowly and quietly towards us. We need to hold on to something in uncertain times. Maybe hoard of toilet paper brings promises.

The thing is, it's not actually going anywhere. For all the sharp words and even sharper elbows thrown around by the crazy toilet paper shoppers, they seem to be missing one essential fact: There is no toilet paper shortage.

As The New York Times points out, shop owners that see their shelves emptied often fill up the shelves again in a day, often in just a few hours.

"You are not using more of it. You are just filling up your closet with it," Jeff Anderson, president of paper product manufacturer Precision Paper Converters, tells the Times.

The thing is, the toilet paper-obsessed shoppers have been infected with something many times more contagious(感染性的) than any coronavirus: fear.

"People are social creatures. We look to each other for cues (暗示) for what is safe and what is dangerous," Steven Taylor, a clinical psychologist at the University of British Columbia, tells Fox News. "And when you see someone in the store panic-buying, that can cause a fear contagion effect. People become anxious ahead of the actual infection. They haven't thought about the bigger picture, like what are the consequences of hoarding toilet paper."

(1) Why do shoppers have a panic toilet paper buying? A. The world is on the turning point. B. It guarantees their victory over coronavirus. C. There is no adequate supply in the store at all. D. It comes as a way of anxiety relief.
(2) By describing the scene of our defense against an enemy in paragraph 2, the author intends to ____. A. explain the reasons for a panic toilet paper buying B. warn us of the danger of an enemy C. remind us of the threat of any coronavirus D. teach us the method of handling a problem
(3) What is the author's attitude toward the hoarding toilet paper? A. Uninterested. B. Negative. C. Supportive. D. Curious.
【考点】
推理判断题; 细节理解题; 说明文; 社会现象类;
【答案】

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1. 阅读理解

For as long as I can remember, my body and I have shared a relationship of discontent. Growing up, I was skinnier than the other kids and at five I was told I wasn't attractive and that I must put on some weight. But no matter how much I ate, I stayed thin for years until adolescence. Then I started putting on weight almost immediately. I remember feeling happy as I began to fill out. However, my joy didn't last long.

I was thirteen when I was first called fat. Friends and neighbours would make jokes on my big size. As I entered my late teens, I had completely lost confidence in my body and, subsequently, in myself. Having failed to live up to conventional beauty standards, I was convinced that if I wanted to be loved, I needed to offer more, doing anything to please everyone around.

I entered adulthood thinking I wasn't "enough"—an idea that was seeded not only by the fact that "skinny" is celebrated, but also by the language associated with accounts of losing weight—self-improvement, discipline—all virtues. Being fat quickly categorizes you as lazy and undisciplined. Consumed by thoughts of the way my body looked, I didn't notice the other ways my body needed attention. I failed to realize, for example, that my period was much heavier and more painful than ever before. Actually I developed a rare disease and later I had two surgeries.

I was always made to feel that my weight was the root of a lot of problems in my life; I have learnt this is not true. After a lot of self-­reflection and some professional help, I realized I never learnt to like myself. While two decades of selfhatred cannot be undone overnight, I have taken first steps to acceptance.

I am now much lighter than before, in body and mind. There are days I find voices on social media saying I am too fat to be loved or to be worthy, but I am learning not to focus on that thought for long. As long as I like myself, just the way I am, opinions at the end of the day are just water off a duck's back.

(1) What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs? A. She could change her weight at will. B. She had different beauty standards from others. C. She tried to love others to build her confidence. D. She was greatly influenced by others' opinions.
(2) Why did the author think she wasn't "enough"? A. She was poorly disciplined. B. She failed to celebrate "skinny". C. She was labeled as lazy for her weight. D. She put on more weight after entering adulthood.
(3) What caused the author to make a change? A. Her lighter body. B. A troublesome illness. C. Popular beauty standards. D. Others' critical comments.
(4) What does the passage mainly tell us? A. Beauty matters. B. Opinions vary. C. Worth your weight. D. Beyond your limits.
阅读理解 未知 普通
2. 阅读理解

It is likely that most people have the shared feeling: how come Christmas appears to come around quicker and quicker each year? Questionnaires by psychologists have shown almost everyone feels time is passing faster now compared to when they were half or a quarter as old. Most strikingly, lots of experiments have shown that, when older people are asked to guess how long the time is, or to "reproduce" the length of periods of time, they guess a shorter amount than younger people.

In 1877, Paul Janet suggested the proportional theory, where a child of 10 feels a year as 1/10 of his whole life while a man of 50 as 1/50, so the subjective sense of the 50-year-old man is that these are insignificant periods of time.

There are also biological theories. The speeding up of time is linked to how our metabolism(新陈代谢) gradually slows down as we grow older. Children's hearts beat faster than adults'. They breathe more quickly. With their blood flowing more quickly, their body clocks "cover" more time within the space of 24 hours than ours do as adults. On the other hand, older people are like clocks that run slower than normal, so that they lag behind, and cover less than 24 hours.

In the 1930s, the psychologist Hudson Hoagland found body temperature causes different perceptions of time. Once, when he looked after his ill wife, he noticed she complained he'd been away for a long time even if only away for a few moments. Therefore, Hoagland tested her perception of time at different temperatures, finding the higher her temperature, the more time seemed to slow down for her, and that raising a person's body temperature can slow down his sense of time passing by up to 20%.

Time doesn't necessarily have to speed up as we get older though. It depends on how we live our lives, and how we relate to our experiences.

(1) What does the author want to tell by the questionnaires and experiments in paragraph 1? A. The old feel time flies faster than the young. B. Time now is shorter than before. C. Aging makes people think slowly. D. The old value time more than before.
(2) Which is NOT the factor for children's slow perception of time according to biological theories? A. Children's hearts beat faster than adults'. B. Children breathe more quickly. C. Children run more quickly. D. Children's body clocks "cover" more time within the space of 24 hours.
(3) Who may feel time go more slowly by the theory of Hudson Hoagland? A. A child with slower metabolism. B. A kid feeling ill. C. A grown-up feeling freezing. D. An adult with a high fever.
(4) Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. How Time Flies! B. What causes different perceptions of time. C. Live a Fun Life! D. Time is speeding up.
阅读理解 未知 普通
3.阅读理解

A Japanese company has created a "smart" mask that aims to improve communication for people wearing face coverings to prevent the spread of COVTD-19.

The use of face masks has become normal in parts of the world still struggling to reduce the spread of the coronavirus. However, it can affect the quality of communication between wearers.

The wearable electronic device is designed to help improve speech communication in such conditions. The Japanese company Donut Robotics calls its invention the "e-mask". The device is meant to fit over other kinds of face masks commonly worn by the public.

Made of soft plastic material, it contains a built-in microphone and has holes in the front to let air in. When turned on, the mask uses Bluetooth technology to connect to a mobile device. An app then helps users perform several actions, including turning speech into text, completing telephone calls and making the user's voice louder. The device can also translate a person's voice from Japanese into eight other languages.

Taisuke, the head of Donut Robotics, told the Reuters, "We worked hard for years to develop a robot and we have used that technology to create a product that responds to how the coronavirus has reshaped society." He noted that the company raised $265,000 in just the first 37 minutes to develop the smart mask through a campaign on the Japanese crowdfunding service Fundinno. "It would usually take three or four months to get that kind of money," Taisuke said.

The company produced a working model of the mask within a month by using software developed for its other robot products. The mask design was similar to one created years ago by one of the company's engineers that mapped facial muscles to interpret speech

Taisuke said the company plans to sell its first 5,000 e-masks starting in September, at about $40 per mask, in an effort to enter a global market that newly appeared.

(1) What's the purpose of the new "smart" mask? A. To help protect people from being struck by COVID-19. B. To help COVID-19 patients communicate with the doctors. C. To make it convenient to communicate with face masks on. D. To translate human thoughts or facial expressions into words.
(2) How does the e-mask perform its function? A. By connecting to an app on a mobile device. B. By using Bluetooth to make the user's voice clear. C. By turning the wearer's dialect into standard language. D. By being fitted into plastic face masks that people wear.
(3) How did Taisuke probably feel about the company's fundraising result? A. Somewhat relieved. B. Greatly encouraged. C. Slightly confused. D. Terribly disappointed.
阅读理解 模拟题 普通