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养牛场原有30头大牛和15头小牛,1天约用饲料675kg; 一周后又购进12头大牛和5头小牛,这时1天约用饲料940 kg. 饲养员李大叔估计每头大牛1天需饲料18~20kg,每头小牛1天需饲料7~8kg. 你能通过计算检验他的估计吗?
分析:设每头大牛和每头小牛1天各约用饲料 x kg和y kg.
根据两种情况的饲料用量,找出相等关系,列得方程组
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%7B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmtable+columnalign%3D%22left%22%3E%3Cmtr%3E%3Cmtd%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmtd%3E%3C%2Fmtr%3E%3Cmtr%3E%3Cmtd%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmtd%3E%3C%2Fmtr%3E%3C%2Fmtable%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
(可以先独立分析问题中的数量关系,列出方程组,得出问题的解答,再与同学交流.)
解这个方程组,得
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%7B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmtable+columnalign%3D%22left%22%3E%3Cmtr%3E%3Cmtd%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3Ex%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmtd%3E%3C%2Fmtr%3E%3Cmtr%3E%3Cmtd%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ey%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E_%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmtd%3E%3C%2Fmtr%3E%3C%2Fmtable%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
这就是说,每头大牛1天约需饲料 kg,每头小牛1天约需饲料 kg. 因此,饲养员李大叔对大牛食量的估计 , 对小牛食量的估计 .