1.阅读理解(10分)

Bad news sells.If it bleeds,it leads.No news is good news,and good news is no news.Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控) in different ways,researchers are discovering new rules.By tracking people's e-mails and online posts,scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.

"The 'if it bleeds' rule works for mass media," says Jonah Berger,a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. "They want your eyeballs and don't care how you're feeling.But when you share a story with your friends,you care a lot more how they react.You don't want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer."

Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mails,Web posts and reviews,face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的),but that didn't necessarily mean people preferred positive news.Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things?To test for that possibility,Dr.Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories:thousands of articles on The New York Times' website.He and a Penn colleague analyzed the "most e-mailed" list for six months.One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles.He found that science amazed Times' readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.

Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny,or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety,but not articles that left them merely sad.They needed to be aroused(激发)one way or the other,and they preferred good news to bad.The more positive an article,the more likely it was to be shared,as Dr.Berger explains in his new book, "Contagious:Why Things Catch On."

(1) What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to? A. News reports. B. Research papers. C. Private e-mails. D. Daily conversations.
(2) What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer? A. They're socially inactive. B. They're good at telling stories. C. They're inconsiderate of others. D. They're careful with their words.
(3) Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr.Berger's research? A. Sports new. B. Science articles. C. Personal accounts. D. Financial reviews.
(4) What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide B. Online News Attracts More People C. Reading Habits Change with the Times D. Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks
【考点】
推理判断题; 细节理解题; 说明文; 社会现象类; 标题选择;
【答案】

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1.阅读理解

He really did look like a tourist, with a camera around his neck and a bottle of sunscreen cream sticking out of his bag. The fat man sat on the terrace, sipping lemonade and pretending to look at a tourism brochure. His sunglasses masked his eyes, but I knew he wasn't looking at the brochure: he hadn't turned a page for the last ten minutes. As I brought him his dishes, he coughed up a "thank you" and looked at me briefly. I tried not to stare at the tiny scar across his left eyebrow.

I walked back inside with my empty tray, shaking my head. He looked familiar, but I couldn't quite place him. Then it hit me. The car accident. The mysterious stranger who helped me out of my crashed car, just before it exploded. I rushed back to his table. He was gone.

I moved his saucer and found his tip, along with a card:

I am deeply in your debt. The night of your car accident, I was on my way to rob a jewelry store. Saving your life brought things back in the right way. I now live an honest life, thanks to you. God bless you!

Mr. D.

I shivered(震颤). The night of my car accident, I was heading for a job interview in an illegal dance club. Seeing human kindness through his heroic gesture turned my life around and brought faith back into my life. I unfolded the tip he left. Among the singles was a grand(一干 块) with a pen mark underlining "In God We Trust. "I said a silent prayer for him and got back to work, smiling.

(1) Why did the man look like a tourist? A. Because he used currency not the same as the locals. B. Because he carried what tourists usually have on. C. Because he didn't look like a native citizen. D. Because he ordered typical food and drinks.
(2) How did the writer tell the man didn't read the brochure? A. He was drinking all the time. B. He sat still with his sunglasses. C. The page remained unturned. D. He was staring at the writer.
(3) What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. They kept in touch with each other afterwards. B. The man mistakenly left her a big tip. C. The man became a rich man years later. D. The writer didn't go to the job interview.
(4) How did they feel about each other? A. Sympathetic. B. Grateful. C. Concerned. D. Trusting.
阅读理解 模拟题 普通
2.阅读理解

It is a tough time to be a tree. Earth has lost a third of its forests over the past 10,000 years—half of that just since 1900. We logged them for wood. We cut them to make way for farms and cattle. We cleared land to build homes and roads. Although deforestation has decreased globally from its peak in the 1980s, trends vary by region. In Indonesia, which had been cutting down forests for oil palm plantations(棕榈种植园), primary forest loss has declined since 2016. From August 2020 to July 2021, the Brazilian Amazon lost 5,000 square miles of rainforest, a 22 percent increase over the previous year. Since 1990, we've cut down more forest globally than there is forest in the United States.

Trees are growing faster as they absorb extra CO2. That "greening" of the planet has so far helped slow climate change. But climate change is killing trees. And what has made forest scientists increasingly uneasy is the quickening pace of extreme events—fire, more powerful storms, and, most notably, severe heat and drought, which can worsen the effects of all the rest, shifting forests that have been around since the last ice age to entirely new states.

Climate change still poses less of a threat to forests than logging and land clearing, but the threat is growing fast. Satellite data show that Earth's tree-covered area actually expanded from 1982 to 2016 by 7 percent, an area larger than Mexico. But that doesn't mean forests are doing fine. The data don't distinguish between natural forests and industrial tree farms, such as the millions of palm, eucalyptus(桉树), and pine trees planted as crops while rainforest is cleared. Also, the data don't show which forests were lost to chain saws and which were killed by climate-related events.

(1) What does the underlined word "deforestation" mean in paragraph 1? A. The state of forests. B. The growth of trees. C. The removal of trees. D. The disappearance of forests.
(2) What are forest scientists concerned about? A. Extreme climate is speeding up.    B. The influence of storms is powerful. C. Forests are getting worse and worse.    D. Forests have changed to new states.
(3) What's the author's attitude towards the satellite data? A. Positive. B. Cautious. C. Approving. D. Indifferent.
(4) Where does this text probably come from? A. A history book. B. A science fiction. C. A science report. D. A health magazine.
阅读理解 未知 困难
3. 阅读理解

Anti-corruption could herald soccer renaissance

(文章来源:Global Times

A high-profile anti-corruption documentary that exposed the underbelly of corruption in Chinese soccer came to an end on Tuesday, with the spotlight focused on key Chinese Football Association (CFA) figures Du Zhaocai and Chen Xuyuan as well as former national team head coach Li Tie. The CFA also called for its staff to watch and reflect on the anti-corruption documentary, a move that signifies Chinese soccer's governing body aims to weed out unethical practices within its organization. 

This move is not just about removing corruption but about rebuilding trust and integrity, crucial elements for the long-term success of Chinese soccer. The hope is that the former officials' self-reflections will be a catalyst for change, fostering an environment where ethical conduct is prioritized over personal gain.

The documentary's focus on the misdeeds of former officials like Chen and Du brings to light a systemic issue that had hindered the growth of Chinese soccer. These individuals, entrusted with driving reforms, instead opted for shortcuts and personal gains that were, as Li admitted in the documentary, mostly illegal. The corrosive effect of corruption has not only tainted the sport, but also widened the gap between on-field achievements and the expectations of Chinese fans. 

While the fight against corruption is imperative for the future of Chinese soccer, it is not the sole solution in order to improve the national teams. Eradicating corruption is just one step toward a revival of a respected soccer culture. Corruption within soccer was exacerbated by the influence of wealthy clubs, creating a toxic atmosphere that has hindered the development of the sport, the documentary noted. The pursuit of quick success and financial gains has perpetuated a culture where the ends justify the means. The crackdown on corruption is, therefore, a necessary step to cleanse the sport, ensuring that success is achieved through fair competition and merit rather than backdoor dealings.

As fans anticipate the Asian Cup, which is set to kick off this week, the performance of the Chinese national team has become a beacon of hope. Despite the lackluster track record of the national team in recent years, fans are willing to forgive on-field shortcomings, making the team less pressured than usual. 

The upcoming Asian Cup presents an opportunity for Team China to redefine its narrative and inspire a new generation of soccer enthusiasts. The draw has placed them alongside Qatar, Tajikistan, and Lebanon in Group A. With the top two teams from each group and the four best third-placed teams advancing to the knockout stage, China has a realistic chance of progressing. In terms of FIFA rankings, China faces a formidable opponent in Qatar, ranked 58th globally, while Tajikistan and Lebanon are ranked 106th and 107th, respectively. Although winning the Asian Cup may seem like a distant dream, Team China's competitive edge within the group is evident. The pressure is not just on the players but also on the coaching staff, led by the determined head coach Aleksandar Jankovic.

Jankovic's approach to the game is pragmatic, focusing on one match at a time. He has emphasized the importance of preparing for each game as if it were a final. This mind-set reflects a commitment to excellence and a determination to succeed on the field - an attitude that is crucial in reshaping the perception of Chinese soccer.

The Asian Cup serves as a platform for redemption, not only for the national team but for Chinese soccer as a whole. A successful campaign, marked by spirited performances and, ideally, progression to the latter stages of the tournament, could inject new life into the sport. It has the potential to captivate the nation, drawing in more young talents and enthusiasts, who, inspired by the team's success, may contribute to the growth of soccer at the grassroots level.

The battle against corruption in Chinese soccer is a pivotal step toward rebuilding trust and integrity. As Team China starts their Asian Cup campaign by taking on Tajikistan on Saturday, fans are hopeful that a mini-revival on the pitch, coupled with a clean and transparent soccer ecosystem, will herald a new era for Chinese soccer.

(1) What is the main focus of the anti-corruption documentary in Chinese soccer? A. The personal achievements of key CFA figures. B. The misdeeds of former officials and their illegal practices. C. The financial gains of wealthy clubs. D. The development of Chinese soccer at the grassroots level.
(2) Why does the article emphasize that the fight against corruption is not the sole solution to improve Chinese soccer? A. Corruption within soccer is a minor issue and does not impact its development. B. Eradicating corruption is the only step needed for a revival of a respected soccer culture. C. Wealthy clubs have no influence on the development of the sport. D. Success in soccer should be achieved through fair competition and merit.
(3) What opportunity does the upcoming Asian Cup present for Team China, and how does the coach approach the game? A. The opportunity to showcase financial gains and success off the field; the coach focuses on long-term strategies. B. The opportunity to redefine its narrative and inspire a new generation; the coach emphasizes preparing for each game as if it were a final. C. The opportunity to highlight the influence of wealthy clubs; the coach adopts a defensive approach. D. The opportunity to emphasize corruption within soccer; the coach prioritizes individual achievements.
阅读理解 未知 普通