1.阅读理解

A new study involving nearly 50, 000 people from four continents offers new insights into identifying the quantity of daily walking steps that will best improve adults' health and longevity (长寿), and whether the ideal number of steps differs across people of different ages. The study represents an effort to develop an evidence-based public health message about the benefits of physical activity. The often-repeated 10, 000-step-a-day saying grew out of a decades-old marketing activity for a Japanese pedometer(计步器), with no science to back it up. 

Led by physical activity professor Amanda Paluch, an international group of scientists conducted an experiment among adults aged 18 and older. They grouped the nearly 50. 000 participants into four comparative groups according to average steps per day. The lowest step group averaged 3. 500 steps; the second. 5, 800; the third. 7, 800; and the fourth, 10, 900 steps per day. Among the three higher active groups. there was a 40-53% lower risk of death. compared to the lowest step group. 

More specifically. for adults 60 and older. the risk of early death leveled off at about 6, 000-8, 000 steps per day. meaning that more steps than that provided no additional benefit for longevity. while for adults younger than 60. about 8, 000-10, 000 steps per day. 

"So, what we saw was this continuing reduction in risk as the number of steps increases. until it levels of. Interestingly. the study found no definitive association with walking speed. " Paluch says. 

The new study supports and expands findings from another study led by Paluch before. which found that walking at least 7, 000 steps a day reduced middle-aged people's risk of early death. "There's a lot of evidence suggesting that moving even a little more is beneficial. particularly for those who are doing very little activity. Paluch says. "More steps per day are better for your health. "

(1) Why did the scientists carry out the new study? A. To know about people's health condition. B. To explain the pedometer's working principles. C. To determine the best physical activity for people. D. To provide a scientific guideline on daily walking.
(2)  What does the underlined words "leveled off" in paragraph 3 mean? A. Turned higher. B. Became stable. C. Fell sharply. D. Changed rapidly.
(3)  What does the experiment find? A. The old should walk as much as possible. B. Young people usually walk more than the old. C. The most beneficial steps differ by age groups. D. Walking pace is the key to avoiding early death.
(4)  What does Paluch advise people doing little activity to do? A. To walk more steps. B. To control walking speed. C. To limit walking distance. D. To track the number of steps.
【考点】
推理判断题; 词义猜测题; 细节理解题; 说明文; 科普类;
【答案】

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1.阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

Leslie Nielsen's childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star in his life — his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career(职业)in acting. Even though he often felt he would be discovered to be a no-talent, he moved forward, gaining a scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse and making his first television appearance a few years later in 1948. However, becoming a full-time, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight years until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him noticed.

But even then, what he had wasn't quite what he wanted. Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. It wasn't until 1980—32 years into his career — that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly.

Did Nielsen then feel content in his career? Yes and no. He was thrilled to be doing the comedy that he always felt he should do, but even during his last few years, he always had a sense of curiosity, wondering what new role or challenge might be just around the corner. He never stopped working, never retired.

Leslie Nielsen's devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life.

(1) Why did Nielsen want to be an actor? A. He enjoyed watching movies. B. He was eager to earn money. C. He wanted to be like his uncle. D. He felt he was good at acting.
(2) What do we know about Nielsen in the second half of his career? A. He directed some high quality movies. B. He avoided taking on new challenges. C. He focused on playing dramatic roles. D. He became a successful comedy actor.
(3) What does Nielsen's career story tell us? A. Art is long, life is short. B. He who laughs last laughs longest. C. It's never too late to learn. D. Where there's a will there's a way.
阅读理解 真题 普通
2. 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), hundreds of marine(海洋的) species across the world come under endangered and critically endangered categories. Some of the endangered and recognizable marine species are named here.

Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtle

The Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtle, also known as the Atlantic Ridley Sea Turtle, is endangered as the rarest and smallest sea turtle.

Distributed throughout the Gulf of Mexico and U. S. Atlantic seaboard, they gather off the coast in northeastern Mexico and come ashore in large groups to lay eggs every year. As marine reptiles(爬行动物), they are threatened by oil spills, lack of food and marine pollution.

Vaquita

As a rare marine mammal, Vaquita is on the edge of extinction only a half-century after its first sighting.

Extensive fishing in the Gulf of California has endangered this marine species, resulting in a gradual drop in population since the 1940s. According to reports, there are only a dozen of these marine mammals left in the world since the percentage of dec line in their population was as much as90% since 2011.

Whale

Fin Whale is the second-largest mammal on the planet after Blue Whale and it is also a victim of hunting. According to estimates, the global population of Fin Whale ranges from below 100,000 to around 119,000.

Humpback Whale, another whale species, has also been listed as an endangered marine species. Before the introduction of the whaling moratorium (暂停) in 1966, the species was hunted for its fur, while the population dropped by 90%. Currently, around 2,500 Humpback Whales survive in the world.

Hawaiian Mon k Seal

A native of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, Hawaiian Mon k Seal is one of the earless seals who live on warm beaches, unlike other seals.

According to recent research, only 1,400 Hawaiian Mon k Seals remain on the Islands. These seals are mainly threatened by predators like tiger sharks. Besides, other reasons like habitat loss and food limitation also contribute to their critical situation.

(1) Why do Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtles land on the beach in large groups? A. To nest. B. To reproduce. C. To avoid attack. D. To hunt foods.
(2) What is the major threat to Hawaiian Mon k Seal? A. Global warming. B. Lack of food. C. Natural enemies. D. Habitat pollution.
(3) Which of the following is the most critically endangered species? A. Vaquita. B. Fin Whale. C. Humpback Whale. D. Hawaiian Mon k Seal.
阅读理解 未知 普通
3.阅读理解

There are many ways to get involved and volunteer at the National Museum of American History. Becoming a Museum Ambassador is one of them. To learn more about this volunteer program, please see the descriptions below.

Museum Ambassadors at the American History Museum are a mobile source of information that helps bridge the gap between two other volunteer groups here at the museum—information desk specialists, who provide orientation (方向) assistance when guests arrive, and volunteer docents (讲师), who provide Highlights tours, facilitate hands-on demonstrations and circulate through many of our exhibitions to interact with visitors. Each year, our Museum Ambassadors help over 100,000 people get the most out of their visits by welcoming groups, circulating throughout the museum's public zones to answer basic questions, and directing visitors to programs and exhibitions of interest. The museum has also employed the Museum Ambassadors to assist with special projects and events as needed.

To learn more about what Museum Ambassadors do, check out what Larry has said, "As museum ambassadors, we get to share in the curiosity of a child, the nostalgia (怀旧) of returning visitors, the treasure hunt of students assigned to find important historical objects, and the amazement of those experiencing our eye on the nation's history for the first time. We can help recommend a meaningful museum visit just for you. There's more. We're also traffic cops when elevators and escalators break and extra eyes for museum security."

If you enjoy…

•interacting with diverse audiences, age groups and learning styles.

•working in an often busy and changing environment.

If you have…

•strong interpersonal and communication skills.

•an interest in history and communication.

If you can…commit to three shifts a month (weekday Ambassadors) or twice a month(weekend Ambassadors).

The museum is open 364 days a year, including weekends and holidays.

•handle frequent walking, standing, and talking.

To Apply

To learn more information about the application process, please contact Ruth Shirley.

NOTE: Acceptance into the program is subject to successful completion of an interview and background investigation.

(1) Which one is the responsibility of Museum Ambassadors? A. To receive visitors at the entrance. B. To take full charge of museum security. C. To direct visitors to their exhibitions of interest. D. To help visitors with hands-on demonstrations
(2) A qualified Museum Ambassador should____________. A. enjoy communicating with people B. speak at least two foreign languages C. have academic background in history D. commit to working three shifts at weekends
(3) The author writes this passage mainly to__________. A. introduce volunteer programs for teenagers B. provide special tours to meet different needs C. invite people to visit the American History Museum D. attract potential applicants for Museum Ambassadors
阅读理解 常考题 普通