1.阅读理解

A city in South Korea, which has the world's largest number of people using smartphones, has placed flashing lights and laser beams at a road crossing to warn "smartphone zombies" to look up and drivers to slow down, in the hope of preventing accidents.

The designers of the system were motivated by growing worry that more pedestrians glued to their phones will become victims in a country that already has some of the highest road death and injury rates among developed countries. State-run Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT) believes its system of flashing lights at zebra crossings can warn both pedestrians and drivers.

In addition to red, yellow and blue LED lights on the pavement, "smombies" — smartphone zombies — will be warned by laser beam projected from power poles and a warning sent to the phones by an app that they are about to step into traffic.

"Increasing number of smombie accidents have occurred in pedestrian crossings, so these zombie lights are essential to prevent these pedestrian accidents," said KICT senior researcher Kim Jong-hoon. Drivers are warned by the flashing lights, which have shown to be effective 83.4 percent of the time in the institute's tests involving about 1,000 vehicles.

In 2017, more than 1,600 pedestrians were killed in auto related accidents, which is about 40 percent of total traffic deaths, according to data from the Traffic Accident Analysis System. For now, the smombie warning system is placed only in Ilsan, a suburban city about 30 km northwest of the capital, Seoul, but is expected to go nationwide, according to the institute.

Kim Dan-hee, a 23-year-old resident of Ilsan, welcomed the system, saying she was often too absorbed in her phone to remember to look at traffic. "This flashing light makes me feel safe as it makes me look around again, and I hope that we can have more of these in town," she said.

(1) What do the underlined words "smartphone zombies" in paragraph 1 refer to? A. Drivers driving after drunk. B. Pedestrians buried in their phones. C. Passengers crazy about phones. D. Policemen in charge of traffic.
(2) What do we know about the warning system? A. It has reduced death rate by 83.4%. B. It has been spread nationwide. C. It gives a warning to the smartphones. D. It is being tried out in many places.
(3) What was the resident's attitude to the traffic system? A. Negative. B. Unconcerned. C. Disapproving. D. Favorable.
(4) What is the best title for the text? A. South Korea Uses a New Traffic System B. Flashing Lights Are Used to Prevent Accidents C. South Korea Warns Smartphone Zombies of Traffic D. Smartphone Zombies Are Causing Traffic Accidents
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1.阅读理解

More plants are growing and expanding around Mount Everest (local name Mount Qomolangma) as the area continues to experience the consequences of global warming, researchers have found.

Scientists from the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom used satellite data to establish increases in subnival vegetation-plants that grow between the tree line and the snow line.

Using NASA Landsat satellite data from 1993 to 201& scientists measured "small but significant" increases in vegetation cover between 4, 150 and 6, 000 meters above sea level.

''There are now more areas that are covered in plants than there were in 1993, " said Karen Anderson, a remote sensing scientist who led the research.

"We don't know what the impact is. It may be that plants trap snow and might cause it to melt more slowly. It might be that the plants cause the snow to melt more quickly, " she added.

1.4 billion people depend on water collected in the region, and changes to water cycles and supplies could have far reaching impacts, their research, published in the Global Change journal, said.

"We know that plants and the water cycle are coupled?" Anderson explained. "Wherever you have plants growing, it changes the way the water cycle behaves in those areas. "

"This is particularly important in the Himalayas because glaciers are receding (后退), and we know from lots of scientific work that this is already affecting water supplies in this region, " she added.

Climate change is already having an impact on Himalayan communities. A 2019 study from Columbia University found that Himalayan glaciers have been losing almost half a meter of ice each year since the start of this century. This is already resulting in flooding for local communities, and could ultimately result in drought.

Last year, an assessment from the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development found that at least a third of the ice in the region could melt by the end of the century.

(1) What did Karen Anderson say about their finding? A. The increase in Himalayan vegetation is huge. B. The plants prevent snow from melting. C. Water supplies have been affected in the Himalayas. D. Loss of Himalayan glaciers is continuing each year.
(2) What does the underlined word "coupled" in Paragraph 7 probably mean? A. Contradicted. B. Balanced. C. Opposed. D. Linked.
(3) What can be inferred about the research of the Anderson team? A. It has not been published. B. It is based on remote sensing technology. C. It involves a great deal of field study. D. It is jointly conducted with Columbia University.
(4) What is the text mainly about? A. Climate change is making Mount Everest lower. B. Plant life is expanding around Mount Everest. C. Why this year has been so dangerous for Mount Everest D. Urgent research is needed to understand the increase in vegetation.
阅读理解 模拟题 普通
2.阅读理解

Terri Boltonis a dab hand when it comes to DIY(do-it-yourself). Skillde at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.

She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day's work was rewarded with £5 in pocket money. She says: "I'm sure I wasn't much of a help to start with painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills."

Terri, who now rents abhouse with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy(租期)comes to an end. She adds: "I've moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures. So, it's been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out"

With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over the coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around £823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. The fifth wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has a traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.

(1) Which is closest in meaning to "a dab hand" in paragraph 1? A. An artist. B. A winner. C. A specialist. D. A pioneer.
(2) Why did Terri's grandfather give her £5 a day? A. For a birthday gift. B. As a treat for her work. C. To support her DIY projects. D. To encourage her to take up a hobby.
(3) How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented? A. By making it look like before. B. By finishing it herself. C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement.
(4) What trend in DIY does the research show? A. It is becoming more costly. B. It is getting more time-consuming. C. It is turning into a seasonal industry. D. It is gaining popularity among females.
阅读理解 未知 普通
3.阅读理解

Overly focusing on your goals may actually be counterproductive in the long run. Take it from an Olympic athlete.

After Brenda Martinez, a US Olympic runner, lost her balance in the 800-meter run, she lost the race that would qualify her for the Olympics. Instead of focusing on her failure, she prepared to win in the next race. "The track doesn't care about your feelings," she told New York Magazine Intelligence. "You've just got to move forward." She did indeed move forward and ended up winning third place in the 1500-meter race a week later to qualify for the Olympics in Rio. Instead of attaching herself to the goal of making the Olympic team, she concentrated on the process.

Researchers from Harvard found that overemphasizing goals based on measurable outcomes often leads to risk-taking, improper behavior and reduced motivation.

When you become overly focused on achieving the goal, you may lose sight of your original purpose for accomplishing the goal in the first place. Another danger is actually completing the goal without setting a plan for what's next. For example, some marathon runners experience what's called the "post-race blues". Achieving your goal may cause you to drop the good habits that got you there in the first place.

"After you set a goal, it's best to shift your focus from the goal itself to the process that gives you the best chance of achieving it; and to judge yourself based on how well you manage that process," columnist Brad Stulberg said.

Ultimately, changing your mindset from goals to process will lead you to achieve small victories on your way to accomplishing long-term goals. It leaves you with a sense of satisfaction and accomplishment, regardless of the measurable outcome.

(1) What does the underlined word "counterproductive" in paragraph 1 mean? A. Influential. B. Harmful. C. Satisfying. D. Unpredictable.
(2) What does the writer want to tell us by referring to Brenda Martinez's story? A. The ways to deal with failure. B. The process matters more. C. Determination means a lot for an athlete. D. The consequence of making the right decision.
(3) Why may some marathon runners experience the "post-race blues"? A. Because they are satisfied with their achievements. B. Because they haven't gained what they want. C. Because they haven't got a further plan. D. Because they lose sight of their original purpose.
(4) What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. How to set a long-term goal. B. The way to realize your aim. C. The benefits of fixing on the process. D. How to shift your focus from goal to process.
阅读理解 模拟题 普通