1.阅读理解

What would you do if someone did something you didn't agree with? Would you completely stop talking to them? Or would you tell them how their actions were wrong?

The "cancel culture" trend has been picking up some steam recently. According to Dictionary. com, "cancel culture" is defined as "publicly rejecting, boycotting or ending support for particular people or groups because of their socially or morally unacceptable views or actions" .

Neelam, a 17-year-old high school senior in the US, told The New York Times that she wasn't being sensitive when she saw someone doing something wrong and "called them out" for it.

However, others think that "canceling" people is counterproductive (适得其反的) and can actually be harmful to the person.

To Ben, a high school junior in Providence, Rhode Island, US, canceling someone "takes away the option for them to learn from their mistakes and kind of alienates (使疏远) them" . Ben, 17, thinks that people should be held accountable for their actions, regardless if they are your friend or someone famous.

In fact, quite a few celebrities have already faced the wrath ( 愤 怒 ) of cancel culture. Some celebrities who have been "canceled" this year include British author of the Harry Potter series J. K. Rowling, US comedian Ellen DeGeneres and English guitarist Eric Clapton.

And, over the summer, about 150 public figures like authors J. K. Rowling and Margaret Atwood signed an open letter against the cancel culture trend. The letter expressed that cancel culture was hurting people's freedom of expression in areas like the arts, universities and journals.

Professor Loretta Ross, who teaches a university course on cancel culture, is trying to fight back against this new trend. "It really does alienate people, and makes them fearful of speaking up," she told The New York Times. Ross also noted that cancel culture isn't new: "What's new is the virality (病毒式传播) and the speed and the anonymity (匿名). "

Our world is beautiful because of the wonderful mix of different cultures, ideas and opinions. So, the next time you think someone should be "called out" or "canceled", maybe try calling them in instead.

(1) What does the underlined sentence most probably mean in paragraph 3? A. She realized canceling a person was harmful. B. She thought it was reasonable to cancel a person. C. She didn't think it was fair to cancel a person. D. She thought we shouldn't cancel a person.
(2) Which of the following would Ben most probably agree with? A. Cancel culture doesn't help with a person's growth. B. Cancel culture encourages people to reflect on their mistakes. C. Canceling people applies to all, whether they are friends or celebrities. D. Cancel culture makes people unfriendly toward each other.
(3) What does Professor Loretta Ross imply? A. People should be careful in expressing their opinions. B. Cancel culture enables people to speak up freely. C. The meaning of cancel culture changes with the times. D. The Internet has made cancel culture more powerful.
(4) What does the article mainly talk about? A. The origin of cancel culture. B. Why cancel culture is harmful. C. The issue of cancel culture. D. Why cancel culture is trendy.
【考点】
主旨大意; 推理判断题; 社会文化类; 议论文;
【答案】

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1.阅读理解

At 18, 1 competed in my first marathon in Dublin, Ireland. At that time, I was an excellent 400-meter runner at high school, but got it into my head that I should try the longer distance to prove that I was really good at running-and what better than the marathon.

Back then, the running craze hadn't quite heated up to the point it has today and running a marathon was unknown to most people. Besides, I never knew anyone who had actually run a marathon.

On the way from England to Dublin, I was wondering what I was getting myself in two days later when the race would begin. I tried to get some sleep to ease my nerves, but I found it hard.

The race day was somewhat cloudy, but the warmth of the people forced away the clouds. My limited memories from that first race remain: the feeling of running through a tunnel (隧道) of people as the crowds lined beside the streets; the cheers from the crowds as the news came that an Irishman had won the race; what's important, the unbelievable kindness of the crowds cheering me on as I hit the wall and tried to struggle through. Eventually, I didn't get the prize, but I never gave up and regarded it as a success because I challenged myself

After my first marathon, I started a website based on my love for running. Whether you're an experienced marathoner or just an interested passer-by, I invite you to participate in the website and make it your home. Runners and particularly marathoners seem to share common ideals. They're part of a global team and a global community.

(1) Why did the author take part in his first marathon? A. To show his talent for running. B. To win a prize in a longer distance race. C. To attract the public's attention to running. D. To express his preference for 400-meter running.
(2) What impressed the author deeply during his first marathon? A. He hit the wall and tried to struggle through. B. He ran through a tunnel with other racers. C. He nearly got lost due to the cloudy weather. D. He received lots of encouragement from the crowds.
(3) What can we know about the author's website? A. It aims to help unite running lovers. B. It has attracted large numbers of participants. C. It attaches great importance to community spirit. D. It was set up mainly for experienced marathoners.
(4) Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. A Good Marathon Runner B. My Unforgettable First Marathon C. Starting a Website for Runners D. Being Brave to Challenge Ourselves
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2. 阅读理解

A self-described "girly girl", nine-year-old Zandra Cunningham was constantly begging her parents for the latest beauty products. One day her dad simply told her "no", which inspired her to make her own.

Zandra has been recognized by Entrepreneur magazine as one of the youngest millionaires in America. When asked about her experience as a child entrepreneur(企业家), Zandra says, "It wasn't frightening. When you're young, you don't have that fear mentality. ‘Maybe it's not going to work' never really crossed my mind." For Zandra, it became a challenge to separate her personal interest from what her customers actually wanted. "There were a lot of things that I felt were good ideas, but they wouldn't fit into the market," she says. Being part of the market herself, Zandra felt she had a unique perspective that allowed her to truly listen and respond to her customers.

It started as a hobby for Zandra and her mom. They'd play around with different ingredients until they found formulas they liked "through trial and error". Slowly, they started transforming the pastime into a brand. Zandra began selling her products at local markets, and a few years later—when Zandra was 12 years old—the family started a shop for Zandra Beauty. At the time, Zandra Beauty was one of the first brands to offer plant-based and organic beauty products at an affordable price. The 21-year-old has essentially grown up alongside her brand—but her goals have remained the same: "Our main focus is to push out amazing products that are safe for everyone and the earth."

"There're so many brands doing similar things, but there's still so much room to grow," says Zandra. "Your customers are out there, and you just have to find something that's going to set you apart."

(1) What can be inferred from Zandra's words in paragraph 2? A. Her young mind made her fearless. B. Her parents supported her greatly. C. She had much precious experience. D. She was always very caring.
(2) Which of the following is the most important in Zandra's opinion? A. Sharing her personal interests. B. The diversity of hobbies. C. Changing the global market. D. The need of customers.
(3) What kind of product does Zandra mainly pursue? A. The one that is cheap and useful. B. The one that is enjoyed by her mom. C. The one that is created by trial and error. D. The one that is reliable and eco-friendly.
(4) What is Zandra's attitude towards the future of her brand? A. Hopeful. B. Concerned. C. Doubtful. D. Relieved.
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3.阅读理解

City parks have long been a place for urban residents to get a small amount of green. As cities increasingly feel the impacts of rising seas and temperatures, people are rethinking the roles of urban parks.

All of the dark-gray asphalt (沥青) in cities collect heat. Dallas is one of the country's fastest-warming cities thanks in part to its extensive impervious (不透水的) surfaces, but with a new $312 million bond package, the city is hoping to change that. Using satellite data, the city is able to see what neighborhoods most need the cooling effect of green spaces.

Cities are increasingly flooding and city planners think parks can help with this issue too. A report published in February by The Nature Conservancy looked at the best ways to deal with flooding in Houston, a city with many neighborhoods built on floodplains and regularly flooded by rising waters. Offering affected homeowners buyouts and transforming homes into green spaces would save more money than installing infrastructure (基础设施) like pipes, they found.

Brendan Shane, a climate program director, says parks can create opportunities for people to exercise and play, in addition to cooling neighborhoods and absorbing floodwater. "The stronger the bonds are from neighbor to neighbor, the better they are able to react to a shock," he says.

"Not a single solution by itself will avoid the climate crisis. We see parks as an important part of it, but there isn't a silver bullet," says Diane Regas, CEO of The Trust for Public Land. "Parks are an example of what we in the environmental community need to do to reach solutions that address climate change at the same time and make people's lives better."

(1) What does the city Dallas want to deal with? A. The lack of green spaces. B. The way of collecting heat. C. The effect of rising seas. D. The bond between neighborhoods.
(2) What can be inferred from the report by The Nature Conservancy? A. Cities in the world are frequently flooded.    B. City parks may help prevent city flooding. C. Cities needn't invest much money in infrastructure.    D. City parks affect people's choice of a neighborhood.
(3) What does Brendan Shane say about parks? A. They can enable people to get over a shock.    B. They can reduce air pollution effectively. C. They can perform positive social functions.    D. They can help people to keep a cool head.
(4) What does the underlined phrase "a sliver bullet" in Paragraph 5 mean? A. A fast and effective solution. B. A successful example. C. An immediate and clear cause. D. An impractical method.
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