1.  阅读理解

A good story. That's what influences our choice to buy a book the most. Right? Some of the biggest-selling novels of all time just so happened to be attached to major publishers. Indeed, any reading lover will be familiar with the countless publishing houses that have brought brilliant works to the market. So in theory, perhaps a publisher does matter. 

Every time you read a book that you enjoy, you likely look at the publisher attached to it. That name is a signal that they will produce other content that fits with that same style. It makes a lot of sense to continue to purchase texts from a company that is telling the kinds of stories that you enjoy the most. Consumer habits are thus based on trust that a publisher will be consistent in the books they deliver and that investing time in them is more reliable than an untested source.

The strength of the author themselves can also play into that. After all, well-liked authors are often signed to a book deal with a select few publishers, strengthening the brand further. 

Of course, a publisher would be nothing without its logo, which is a major call-to-arms for all fans of the brand. The top publishers in the world instantly recognizable imagery, which catch the attention while summing up the name of a brand in an instant. That thus builds our association with a given name. The fun penguin shape of Penguin Random House is so iconic, for example, that it could not be confused with any other publishing business.

There might be a place for those indie (独立经营的) book companies, with occasional stories breaking through and forcing people to take notice. In truth that's far less common than you expect. Expert Cassandra Davis, however, provides a hopeful insight. "Indie bookshops are more likely to stock an indie publisher's books, especially if the author is local to the bookshop." She says. Therefore, supporting local bookshops is a vital way to keep the indie industry alive and change these trends.

(1) Which of the following is not a strategy for a publisher to promote its brand? A. Maintaining consistent publishing style. B. Contracting with renowned writers. C. Offering discounts to repeat customers. D. Designing a distinctive trademark.
(2) What is the author's attitude towards indie publishers? A. Optimistic. B. Sympathetic. C. Objective. D. Indifferent.
(3) What does the underlined words "these trends" in the last paragraph refer to? A. Dominance of major publishers. B. Lack of attention to excellent books. C. Depression of local bookshops. D. Stability of consumers' preferences.
(4) Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Should We Judge a Book by Its Publisher? B. Do Publishers Influence Our Reading Choices? C. Why Do We Choose the Same Publisher Continuously? D. What Advantages Do Major Publishers Have Over Indie Ones?
【考点】
推理判断题; 词义猜测题; 细节理解题; 说明文; 社会现象类;
【答案】

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1.  阅读理解

Once you cross the over 50 mark, it's not a time to worry about getting older or put as much emphasis on career or how much you earn.

It's a golden moment in which we can pause to reflect and take stock of the most important things in life: family, friends, a more relaxed lifestyle and social connectivity. Many say it's the best time of our life. Our children probably have their own homes and families, in which you are undoubtedly an important part. You may feel a little lost with all this undiscovered freedom. But the truth is, it's almost like going back to those teen years, with limitless potential for fun and enjoyment! With the world at your fingertips once again, it's an opportunity to live your life the way you want. Find out what you love doing and take pride in new hobbies, new passions and try new things you may not have previously had the chance to do. They all say life begins at 50, I couldn't agree more. As an example, after I hit this milestone, I achieved some great things, including pioneering an innovative living, care and lifestyle solution with my latest venture(冒险事业)—Odyssey Lifestyle Care Communities.

Odyssey celebrates life's journey and aims to provide affordable high-end permanent living arrangements, within a community setting that delivers increasing levels of care. Built around a resort style environment, the Odyssey model has set an excellent example in the industry by demonstrating the power of putting people first.

As a passionate advocate for consumer-directed care models of service, I think the Government's recommendation of Australia adopting a rights-based system in their final report of the Royal Commission into Aged Care, is certainly a step in the right direction.

Odyssey's model is driven by a people-centred approach that places residents at the forefront of all our decisions, which is why we decided to incorporate and invest in technologies that ensure health and safety.

(1) What does the underlined phrase "take stock of" in paragraph 2 mean? A. Think of. B. Look for. C. Envy. D. Praise.
(2) Why do many people say over 50 is the best time of life? A. They are more familiar with their surroundings. B. They have less burden but more free time. C. They have stronger desire to do new things. D. They are paid much attention to.
(3) What do we know about Odyssey Lifestyle Care Communities? A. It is a research centre for the study of the old. B. It provides part-time jobs for a community. C. It is a department to adopt rights-based systems. D. It offers good service at reasonable prices for the old.
(4) Who is probably the author? A. A person less than 50. B. A person in the government. C. A staff member of Odyssey. D. A news reporter of a magazine.
阅读理解 普通
2. 阅读理解

It's called the Bank of Happiness, but it has nothing to do with money. Founded a year ago in Estonia's capital Tallinn, it's a forum in which more than 2,000 members from Estonia and other countries connect to offer or receive services free of charge.

The site carries more than 500 ads in English, German and Estonian from people offering or seeking all kinds of things, including teaching and tips on cooking. The website is also translated into French and Spanish.

Founder Airi Kivi says the goal is to make people think and act with their hearts. "After the worldwide outbreak of the pandemic, I thought, ‘Wow, our bank is perfect for the crisis and a lot of people are unemployed and they can use it to harvest what they need.'"

So how does it work? It's simple: You sign up using your real name and post what you are offering or what your need is, as long as it doesn't involve money or products.

Masseuse Terge Reintem says she signed up when she was unemployed because she needed to improve her skills by learning from others. But she stayed on even after finding a new job because she says it feels good to volunteer. "If I discover a new technique, I want my bank customers to first experience it," Reintem says, adding they are often nicer than the paying ones.

Member Veronika Davel says she infringed the rules with her first request when she asked for a product: a computer. But she did it unknowingly. Later, she began offering services of her own on the bank's website. "The main thing I really could offer was English," Davel explains. "There was a young girl who needed to have better English for her job and I gave her a hand."

The site has many more offers of help than requests for it. That's as it should be, Kivi says, adding that the bigger reward comes from giving.

(1) How can the Bank of Happiness benefit its members? A. They can help each other at no cost. B. They can place ads for their products. C. They can travel to many countries for free. D. They can read much news about happiness.
(2) What does the underlined word mean in paragraph 6? A. Obeyed. B. Broke. C. Made. D. Bent.
(3) Why does Reintem keep serving the bank? A. To improve her skills. B. To win more customers. C. To enjoy the helpfulness. D. To learn new techniques.
(4) How does the writer introduce the bank? A. By using specific data. B. By giving examples. C. By referring to common knowledge. D. By using comparison and contrast.
阅读理解 普通
3.  阅读理解

Recently I've been drawn to books which motivate me to look at myself, and hopefully make me a better "me". The Courage to Be Disliked, by Ichiro Kishimi and Fumitake Koya, has a title I just can't go past.

The book has taken Japan by storm, using the theories of philosopher Alfred Adler to create conversations between a fictional philosopher and a young man. The conversations cover many broad, interesting and sensitive topics. The philosopher character sticks by the theories of Adler, and explains how we are competent to determine our own lives, and be free of the influence of past experiences and others' expectations. It's a way of thinking that allows us to develop the courage to change and to ignore the limitations placed on us.

These often complex topics are played out in a conversational style between the two men. While it's easy to follow the conversations, the topics will knock around in your own head as you work out whether you sit on the side of the philosopher, the young man, or somewhere in between. The book is well-received by readers primarily owing to the fact that it presents two well-balanced viewpoints in the arguments. You'll find yourself doing household chores, or at your keyboard, unpacking all the information in your mind and coming to your own conclusions.

You will wholeheartedly agree on some points and want to throw the book at the wall at others. Its content is polarizing (两极分化) and I certainly don't agree with everything the philosopher or the young man says, but I think that's the point. The Courage to Be Disliked is there to start a conversation with yourself and do some slightly uncomfortable soul-searching.

(1) Which category does the book belong to? A. Self-improvement. B. Philosophy theory. C. Collection of experiences. D. Biography of Alfred Adler.
(2) Which statement might the fictional philosopher agree with? A. People are free of their past influence. B. People can take charge of their life course. C. People should live up to others' expectations. D. People ought to take their limitations seriously.
(3) How does the book develop? A. By listing sufficient data. B. By making comparisons. C. By following the time line. D. By presenting dialogues.
(4) Why is the book popular with readers? A. It shows ideas in plain language. B. It displays the scientific statistics. C. It offers balanced sides to the topics. D. It avoids the use of philosophic terms.
阅读理解 普通