1.  阅读理解

Is boredom a thing of the past, like black-and-white television? And, if so, is that a good thing? Julie Robinson, a former teacher who now represents the Independent Association of Prep Schools, thinks that boredom is regarded as an enemy of today's children, and they are losing the ability to become thoughtful and reflective (沉思的). 

"We should not fear boredom." said Julie Robinson. "Boredom is valuable to children. Quiet, reflective time is just as important as purposeful activity," she added. 

Her opinion is that constant (连续不断的) activity for a child, often the result of the dreams of parents, will lead to concerned and worrying adult. The traditional ideas that children should be constantly active could prevent the development of their imagination. So anything that improves a greater thoughtfulness is to be warmly welcomed. 

Parents now feel a sense of failure when they hear their children complain about being bored. They seek an electronic devices (设备) to play games at once. And we didn't feel bored during long car journeys anymore by the impatient "Are we there yet?" because all kinds of electronic devices have been taken along to avoid even a minute of boredom. So what chance do children have to allow their thoughts to wander? 

But it's not just children who need lessons in reflection. Adults need that, too. On my train journey to work this morning, I couldn't see a single person who wasn't using an electronic device. No one was simply looking out of the window at the beautiful views of the county side. Not time for quiet thinking, even in the quiet library. There were emails to send, texts to read, and games to play. The wider world, seemingly, didn't exist. The mobile phone has changed many things about our lives, and has developed an inability — among adults as well as children — to live in the present. What Julie Robinson regards is a cross-generational phenomenon: the fear of "inactivity". And she is right.

(1) Julie Robinson thinks boredom is useful because it makes children____. A. find effective solutions to social problems B. improve the ability to learn knowledge C. have time to think and have their imagination developed D. communicate more with their parents and friends
(2) Which of the following is seen as "inactivity" according to the last paragraph? A. Sending emails on a train. B. Playing games with friends. C. Planning constant activity for children. D. Looking out of the window at the beautiful views.
(3) The author mentioned the train journey to show that____. A. the trip on a quiet train was very boring B. the view of the countryside was beautiful C. people had too much work to do D. electronic devices influence people's life greatly
(4) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Both adults and children like to stay alone and recall their past days. B. People fail to leave their children enough time to think and imagine. C. Electronic devices are always good for both children and adults. D. Parents should tell their children how to use a mobile phone.
【考点】
推理判断题; 细节理解题; 说明文; 社会现象类;
【答案】

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1.  阅读理解

Recently I've been drawn to books which motivate me to look at myself, and hopefully make me a better "me". The Courage to Be Disliked, by Ichiro Kishimi and Fumitake Koya, has a title I just can't go past.

The book has taken Japan by storm, using the theories of philosopher Alfred Adler to create conversations between a fictional philosopher and a young man. The conversations cover many broad, interesting and sensitive topics. The philosopher character sticks by the theories of Adler, and explains how we are competent to determine our own lives, and be free of the influence of past experiences and others' expectations. It's a way of thinking that allows us to develop the courage to change and to ignore the limitations placed on us.

These often complex topics are played out in a conversational style between the two men. While it's easy to follow the conversations, the topics will knock around in your own head as you work out whether you sit on the side of the philosopher, the young man, or somewhere in between. The book is well-received by readers primarily owing to the fact that it presents two well-balanced viewpoints in the arguments. You'll find yourself doing household chores, or at your keyboard, unpacking all the information in your mind and coming to your own conclusions.

You will wholeheartedly agree on some points and want to throw the book at the wall at others. Its content is polarizing (两极分化) and I certainly don't agree with everything the philosopher or the young man says, but I think that's the point. The Courage to Be Disliked is there to start a conversation with yourself and do some slightly uncomfortable soul-searching.

(1) Which category does the book belong to? A. Self-improvement. B. Philosophy theory. C. Collection of experiences. D. Biography of Alfred Adler.
(2) Which statement might the fictional philosopher agree with? A. People are free of their past influence. B. People can take charge of their life course. C. People should live up to others' expectations. D. People ought to take their limitations seriously.
(3) How does the book develop? A. By listing sufficient data. B. By making comparisons. C. By following the time line. D. By presenting dialogues.
(4) Why is the book popular with readers? A. It shows ideas in plain language. B. It displays the scientific statistics. C. It offers balanced sides to the topics. D. It avoids the use of philosophic terms.
阅读理解 普通
2. Reading Comprehension

"Essential oils can have a major impact on your mood and health. When you apply an oil to your skin, it affects your physical state. When you inhale them, it affects your mental state," says the "grande dame" of aromatherapy Jeanne Rose, author of The Aromatherapy Book: Applications and

Inhalations.

A few drops of eucalyptus on your skin will help heal a burn and smelling a pine tree might make you think of childhood Christmases. There are no rules for how to inhale oils. You can put a few drops on a tissue, or add some to water to spritz around the room or use in a diffuser(喷雾器)or vaporizer.

Be very careful, however, when applying oils to the skin. Always dilute them in another oil, like palm, coconut or olive to prevent burns or allergic reactions.

"A rule of thumb is 15 drops per one ounce of cream, oil or lotion," says Sylla Sheppard-Hanger, the founder and director of Atlantic institute of Aromatherapy in Tampa, Florida.

HERE'S THE OIL TO REACH FOR WHEN YOU NEED TO:

Digest a big meal: A few drops of diluted peppermint. "It calms down the digestive system," Rose says.

Forget it's freezing outside: "Conifer oils, like pine, black spruce, cedar and Christmas fir, can help combat seasonal affective disorder when inhaled," Rose says. Citrus oils like orange or tangerine, which are reminders of summertime, are also good.

Settle down after a big party: Sweet marjoram and lavender are sedatives. "They'll knock your kids right out," Sheppard-Hanger says.

Get out of bed on a dark, cold morning: Peppermint, or any mint really, can provide a morning jolt when inhaled.

Kill germs: Spray citrus oils tree oils like pine, to help clean the air during sickness.

Decongest a nose: Eucalyptus, spruce or rosemary work for this. Try inhaling a few drops on a tissue to help with clogged nasal passages.

(1) What kind of readers is likely to buy The Aromatherapy Book: Applications and Inhalations? A. Gardeners who provide raw materials for manufacturers of essential oils. B. Researchers dedicated to inventing new essential oils to keep people in good health. C. Common people hoping to improve health condition with essential oils. D. Psychotherapist seeking treatments for serious mental and physical disorders.
(2) What is the appropriate way of using essential oils? A. Spritz the oil directly around a room. B. Mix them with cream in proportion. C. Smell the fragrance from the bottle. D. Apply oils to treat skin allergy.
(3) The oils that can relieve your symptom of bad cold are ________. A. peppermint oils B. conifer oils C. citrus oils D. spruce oils
阅读理解 普通
3. 阅读理解

Some events have been added to the 2024 Olympias, with breakdancing, surfing, and sport climbing among the recent additions. A group of terms come with them that are foreign to the French language. Some French-language purists point out it's too much to bear to rely on English to praise surfers on their "nose riding"-standing on the front of the board. They've decided they need a French solution.

The French government has created a team of language experts devoted to promoting the national language. They will meet periodically over the next couple of years to identify and define new sports terms. The French battle against the influence of other languages isn't new. In 1994,the Toubon law was passed, forcing the use of French in all government publications,contracts and advertisements. Yet it contained several loopholes (漏洞), which allow brands and companies to extensively use English. As a result, anglicisms-words from the English language used in another language-are becoming more obvious.

Julie Neveux, linguistics professor at Sorbonne University in Paris, said anglicisms are "sometimes estimated at just under 5% of the present vocabulary, but they are disturbing because they show that we follow an economy and cultural model other than our own." They are particularly present in sports competitions and events, during which athletes from around the world are used to communicating in English. "Sport was one of the first areas to be globalized, "said sports historian Michael Attali.

Despite their best efforts, no committee has successfully prevented English from influencing everyday language. "Similar committees have been put in place in the past, but nothing has changed so far," said Attali.

"There are far fewer anglicisms in French than there are French words in English. " said Neveux, adding these exchanges should not be seen as a threat. "All living languages exist by borrowing from each other. Languages only exist thanks to their impurity. "

(1) What goal will the team of language experts try to achieve according to Paragraph 2? A. To speed up the spread of French in the world. B. To make French influence other languages. C. To promote national brands and companies. D. To decide on some new French sports terms.
(2) What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. English words. B. Anglicisms. C. French expressions. D. Newly created phrases.
(3) What's the result of the previous efforts to stop English from influencing other languages? A. Fruitless. B. Remarkable. C. Important. D. Unmentioned.
(4) What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. English is the most popular of all. B. All languages should stay pure. C. Neveux welcomes the impurity of language. D. The exchanges between languages should be avoided.
阅读理解 普通