1. 阅读理解

Is Apple the shining knight when it comes to privacy collection, as it wants us to believe? 

A different business model from Facebook and Google gives it some ground to claim a tighter tower around your data. But that's not the whole story, and some changes are coming.

With the release of the news that nearly 90 million Facebook users' information was passed on to political ad targeting firm Cambridge Catalytic without their permission, tech companies are defending themselves. Consumers and lawmakers want to know how much their favorite apps have collected of their choices and movements and what they do with this personal information.

Apple has made a point of trying to distinguish its approach to consumers' information. On its website, it notes that it collects less data about us than the other big tech companies and then ensures the security by     crambling it so it doesn't identify who it comes from. Additionally, it says it keeps most of the data on our devices, as opposed to Apple servers, and that it's encoded on those devices and only accessible via your pass code.

It also promises that it will make it easier to track the information the company collects about us,and to download or delete it, later this year. However, getting the data back form Apple currently is complex and slow. The new tools are to follow new privacy rules, called General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which go into effect in the European Union in late May. In brief,the rules look to give the user more controls over how their data is used.

Apple insists that it "doesn't gather your personal information to sell to advertises or other organizations."Such a statement only goes so far-Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg makes a point by saving Facebook doesn't sell users' data to advertisers. either. What the social network sells is advertisers access to users, whose brands can target with all the information it's gathered from their activity

(1) What makes the major lech companies defend themselves? A. The privacy information leak of Facebook users B. The different business models used by other companies C. The release of the General Data Protection Regulation D. The competition between tech companies for more users
(2) What does Apple claim about its approach to user data collection? A. It collects more user data than other companies B. It keeps most of the user dala on Apple servers C. It sells users' personal information to advertisers D. It ensures that the user data is pass word-protected
(3) What does the underlined word"scrambling" in paragraph 4 mean? A. Analyzing carefully. B. Mixing randomly C. Improving quickly. D. Obtaining easily
(4) What is the text mainly about? A. Apple's new privacy rules went into effect recently B. Apple provides safer protection against data theft C. Apple's data collection system is actually doubtful D. Apple servers are able to track consumers' choices
【考点】
推理判断题; 词义猜测题; 细节理解题; 社会现象类; 议论文;
【答案】

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阅读理解 未知 普通
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1. 阅读理解

Wouldn't it be wonderful to travel to a foreign country without having to worry about the headache of communicating in a different language?

In a recent Wall Street journal article, technology policy expert A lec Ross argued that, within a decade or so. We'll be able to communicate with one another via small earpieces with built-in microphones. That's because technological progress is extremely rapid. It's only a matter of time. Indeed, some parents are so convinced that this technology is imminent that they're wondering if their kids should even learn a second language.

It's true that an increase in the quantity and accuracy of the data loaded into computers make them cleverer at translating "No es bueno dormir mucho" as "It's not good to sleep too much." Replacing a word with its equivalent (同义词) in the target language is actually the "easy part of a translator's job". But even this seems to be a discouraging task for computers.

It's so difficult for computers because translation doesn't—or shouldn't—involve simply translating words, sentences or paragraphs. Rather, it's about translating meaning. And in order to infer meaning from a specific expression, humans have to interpret a mass of information at the same time. Think about all the related clues that go into understanding an expression: volume, gesture, situation, and even your culture. All are likely to convey as much meaning as the words you use.

Therefore, we should doubt whether a machine is able to translate the world around us. If people from different cultures can offend each other without realizing it, how can we expect a machine to do better? Unless engineers actually find a way to breathe a soul into a computer, undoubtedly when it comes to conveying and translation meaning using a natural language, a machine will never fully take our place.

(1) What does the underlined word "imminent" in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Confusing. B. Approaching. C. Helpful. D. Advanced.
(2) Why is it hard for computers to replace a word with its equivalent (同义词)? A. The real meaning of words can vary. B. Their data is not adequate (充足的) enough. C. Their accuracy needs big improvement. D. A soul hasn't been breathed into them.
(3) What view does the author hold about translation? A. Some machines will translate our world properly. B. Slight difference mean little in translation. C. Proper translation can be tough for humans. D. Cultures deserve more attention than words used.
(4) What is the best title for the text? A. A new language translating machine B. Will Language Barrier (障碍) Actually Fall? C. Who Will Be a Better Translator? D. Translation will become easier
阅读理解 未知 困难
2.阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

No pains, no gains. This is especially true for Amanda Gorman. In 2021, she became the youngest poet to write and read her works at a presidential inauguration (就职典礼). The 22-year old impressed the audience with The Hill We Climb, which referred to both painful history and hope for the future.

You wouldn't know it from her delivery of her poem at the inauguration, but up until a few years ago, she struggled to overcome her speech problem. For much of her life, including when she was still an undergraduate at Harvard, Gorman had trouble pronouncing the letter "R".

Her situation presented difficulties, but also had benefits. "I think it made me all that much stronger of a writer when you have to teach yourself how to say words from zero. I think of my speech trouble not as a weakness or a disability, but as one of my greatest strengths. "

To practice saying the letter, she'd listen on repeat to one song packed with "R"s—Aaron Burr, Sir from Lin-Manuel Miranda's historical masterpiece, Hamilton. She would try to keep up with the singer as he was doing the rap (说唱). She believed if she could train herself to do this song, then she could train herself to say the letter "R" correctly. Sure enough, rapping along with Miranda's fast-paced rhymes worked, and: Gorman's performance of her piece, The Hill We Climb, ranked among the highlights of the inauguration.

Overcoming a speech problem is a milestone for her. Gorman said she owes a lot to the Pulitzer Prize winning musical. That was why she included a few references to Hamilton in her inspiring poem, some of which the author of Hamilton noticed: He praised her performance in a post. "You were perfect. Perfectly written, perfectly delivered. "

(1) What did Gorman do to impress the audience at the inauguration? A. Share her painful story. B. Read her poem in public. C. Write a poem in real time. D. Express concern for future.
(2) Which word used to be difficult for Gorman to read properly? A. Amanda. B. Mickey. C. Hamilton. D. Miranda.
(3) Why did Gorman learn to sing Aaron Burr, Sir? A. To win wide recognition. B. To train her singing skills. C. To improve pronunciation. D. To learn fast-paced styles.
(4) What can we learn from Gorman's story? A. Learn to walk before you run. B. Practice breaks down barriers. C. Power of role models is great. D. Poem writing is key to success.
阅读理解 模拟题 普通
3. 阅读理解

Many footballers struggle when they leave the beautiful game for retirement in their mid-thirties, with stories that are sad or even terrible. However, in his new book Kicking On!, Tony Rickson reveals the footballers who have achieved success after retirement, whether it's by setting up charities, helping others cope, creating multi-million-pound businesses or going into media, politics or back into the football world.

Tony Adams, a former footballer, set up a charitable foundation more than 20 years ago called Sporting Chance and said it's one of his greatest achievements. He's wrong. Despite all the cups he won while captaining Arsenal during a highly successful 22-year career at his only club, and all the times he played for England, it is his greatest achievement. Not just one of them.

As Adams admits in his memorable book, Addicted, he suffered from alcoholism and drug abuse while still a professional footballer. Setting up Sporting Chance was his response, and ever since it's treated and supported sports professionals suffering from drink or drug problems. The charity's offer is: "We understand that it takes courage to ask for help, either during or following a career in sport, so when you're ready to reach out, we're ready for you."

Since retiring from playing in 2002, Adams, who has a statue in his honor outside the Arsenal ground, has managed and coached in several countries alongside his charity work. He told The Sun: "What happened in my life with alcohol makes me feel so sad but also grateful that I found a way out of it. I've had highs and lows, in and out of football, given up playing and gone into coaching and management. I've not had a drink through any of it. My self-esteem (自尊) has come back and I am all right."

The self-assessment as "all right" also applied to his 2022 appearance in TV's Strictly Come Dancing, when Adams showed an admirable ability to laugh at himself.

(1) What is Adams' greatest achievement according to Rickson? A. Setting up Sporting Chance. B. Captaining the team Arsenal. C. Playing for England all his life. D. Writing his bestseller Addicted.
(2) What problem did Adams have as a professional footballer? A. Losing his position on the team. B. Lack of courage to seek advice. C. Addiction to alcohol and drugs. D. Tense relations with teammates.
(3) What can we infer about Adams from Paragraph 4? A. Adams worked as a coach immediately he retired. B. Charity work made Adams recognized in his circle. C. Adams began his football career at the age of 22. D. Arsenal thinks highly of Adams' contribution to it.
(4) What is the text? A. A news report. B. A biography. C. An introduction to a book. D. An entry of a diary.
阅读理解 未知 普通