1.  阅读理解 

As we enter a period of profound economic uncertainty, shown by recent well-known layoffs and a culture of "quiet quitting", thinking about the future of work might well seem a scary prospect.

 Indeed, an ever-increasing digital skills gap threatens to stop businesses adopting the game-changing technologies that will help to power growth in the months and years ahead. For instance, with each exciting new technology comes a growing concern about whether we have a digitally skilled workforce ready to take advantage of it. After all, keeping the workforce up to speed with the latest advances is a key element of the digital transformation process, which will prove essential if we hope to improve business productivity and efficiency alongside our efforts to achieve sustained growth. 

Likewise, at the World Economic Forum's annual meeting in Davos, the cybersecurity skills gap was named as one particular area of concern. There's good reason for this focus: if businesses can't protect themselves against external threats, they risk going backwards. And that's before they even start thinking about achieving growth. This is why we need to address the digital skills gap urgently.

 Well, we should change in order to help attract and keep a more diverse pool of talent, giving businesses a far better chance of finding the up-to-date digital skills they need. And, when it comes to engaging and empowering the current workforce, learning and development opportunities will be key, helping employees to enhance their skills for the benefit of both themselves and their employers. 

 To make this all happen, leaders and employers must demonstrate a commitment to teaching their workforces digital skills by setting clear expectations and providing all the resources required. One approach, for example, would be to focus on the potential in the existing talent pool by identifying those already skilled in digital capabilities and supporting them to upskill their colleagues. Creating a culture of learning, with an emphasis on personal growth, can be an impressive motivator in the workplace. 

Of course, it's all well and good saying that digital skills are paramount, but a workforce with purely hard skills will not future-proof a business. There's a need for soft skills that support the broader goal, so as not to ignore the other competencies required in a digital transformation: communication, critical thinking, creative design skills, and leadership. To exploit the technology to its full potential, such qualities are equally important.

 Fundamentally, getting the interaction right between humans and technology will be vital if businesses are to succeed. As a result, human skills must not be underestimated. Every business will need a range of people with a variety of skills — not only those experts in math, engineering, and science, but also those with creative minds and leadership qualities. 

(1) What is the writer's main concern in the digital transformation process? A. The threats from technology. B. The challenge of upskilling workforces. C. The culture of "quiet quitting". D. The shortage of experienced workers.
(2) What can be learned from Paragraph 4 and 5?  A. Replacing current workforces with digital talents is the key. B. High requirements of recruitment ensure a sound workforce. C. Employers should develop a learning culture inside their workforces. D. Business leaders should focus on the training of the existing talent pool.
(3) What does the underlined word "paramount" in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Important. B. Beneficial. C. Challenging. D. Inspiring.
(4) What might be the purpose of the passage?  A. To advocate the necessity of improving digital skills. B. To warn humans of the potential problems with technology. C. To stress the importance of combining hard skills with soft skills. D. To draw people's attention to the ever-increasing digital skills gap.
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1.  阅读理解

Every year, some 2. 3 million women and men around the world died from work-related accidents or diseases—that's more than 8, 000 deaths every single day—and at least 402 million people suffer from non-fatal occupational injuries. The number is enormous in terms of personal tragedy and hardship. And it comes with a huge economic loss. It is estimated that occupational accidents and diseases lead to a 5. 4 percent loss of annual global GDP. 

A safe and healthy working environment is so important that in June 2022 the ILO (International Labor Organization) took a historic step when it added a safe and healthy working environment to its Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work. 

Why does this matter? It matters because occupational safety and health can now no longer be viewed as an optional extra. All of the ILO's 186 member states are now required to respect, promote and achieve a safe and healthy working environment as a fundamental principle and right at work. 

This is significant for several reasons. First, it recognizes that every worker has the right to be protected from dangers and risks that can cause injury, illness or death in the workplace. 

By making occupational safety and health (OSH) a fundamental right, the ILO is sending a clear message to governments and employers of all countries that they must take responsibility for providing a safe and healthy working environment for all workers. 

When workers feel safe and healthy in their workplace, they are likely to be more productive and efficient. This can benefit workers, employers as well as the economy. Conversely, when workers are injured or become ill due to workplace dangers, it can have a significantly negative impact on productivity and economic growth. 

A safe and healthy working environment is now a fundamental right for each and every worker. Governments employers, trade unions as well as companies must work together to make this right a reality. 

(1) What is the function of the first paragraph? A. To draw a conclusion. B. To introduce the topic. C. To warn us of the danger at work. D. To call for the need of safety environment.
(2) What does a safe and healthy working environment mean to each side? A. It means a basic right to the ILO.      B. It means life and death to employers. C. It means a fundamental obligation to workers. D. It means economic growth to the government.
(3) Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined word in Paragraph 6? A. Consequently. B. Contrarily. C. Conventionally. D. Commonly.
(4) What may be discussed in the following paragraph after the last one? A. The joint efforts by the four sides. B. The potential improvements to make. C. The history of workers' sufferings. D. The measures workers take to get protected.
阅读理解 普通
2.  阅读理解

A new international organization, ReShark, including partners from 15 countries and 44 aquariums, is challenging the shark statistics. According to National Geographic, ReShark's goal is to release 500 endangered zebra sharks in Indonesian waters to increase a wild population that is on the edge of extinction. This is the first-ever attempt to reintroduce captive sharks into the wild.

Marine reintroductions present significant challenges due to the complexity and shortage of ocean life, as well as the difficulty in managing threats, according to National Geographic. Team ReShark understands that the reintroduction may go up in smoke. Unlike land animals that have been successfully reintroduced in the past, such as giant pandas in China, young sharks are more likely to suffer from diseases and be killed by other animals, and they struggle to find food on their own.

Sharks have a remarkable history as one of the oldest vertebrate species, surviving five mass extinctions over a period of 420 million years. They play an important role in marine ecosystems by influencing the ocean's food chains. However, they are now facing the second-highest rate of disappearance. Research shows that more than 37 percent of the shark species are at risk of extinction due to overfishing, both legal and illegal. Sharks are hunted for their meat. Nearly 100 million sharks are killed by human hands each year, according to the organization Sentient Media.

Despite the alarming decline in shark populations globally, top shark scientists are hopeful that ReShark's efforts will succeed. Given these challenges, Simon Fraser University ecologist Dulvy initially had some doubts about ReShark's plans. However, after asking some questions, he was surprised by what the initiative could produce. "This initiative is different," Dulvy explained. Similarly, Rima Jabado, Dulvy's successor, recognized ReShark as a unique project that could provide a lifeline for endangered shark species. "It may provide an opportunity for species not to go extinct," she said.

(1) What's the ReShark's intention of releasing sharks? A. To conduct shark data collection. B. To study the living habits of sharks. C. To save the endangered shark species. D. To test new ways of keeping sharks.
(2) What does the underlined part "go up in smoke" in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Disappear. B. Fail. C. Work. D. Influence.
(3) How does the Paragraph 3 develop? A. By giving examples. B. By giving descriptions. C. By making comparison. D. By making classifications.
(4) What does Rima Jabado think of ReShark's project? A. Special and promising. B. Hopeful and effortless. C. Risky and costly. D. Doubtful and immature.
阅读理解 普通
3. 阅读理解

Among the constant adjustive education standards and requirements, it's important to ask a question: exactly what do we want in a high school graduate?

Some people think the goal is to enter college and earn a bachelor's degree. Others find that interpretation too narrow, preferring that young people leave school with the skills to move into living-wage jobs. But one thing many people can embrace is that high school graduates are skilled in basic math and English.

A proposed law, House Bill 1308, could ruin that goal. Students must do the following things to get a diploma: earn 24 credits of coursework; complete a High School and Beyond Plan matching those courses; meet one requirement of a series of "graduation pathways". The problem is that these pathways don't work for all kids.

In large part, that's because they guide students toward college standards. Last year, after surveying nearly 1, 000 students, researchers discovered that 18% of students said they were "not good" at math, and 33% said they were poor test-takers. For them, the current pathways are a barrier because of their emphasis on these skills.

The new pathway is instead focused on performance. It would allow kids to create a presentation—say an exhibit or report—demonstrating mastery of two core subjects, but not necessarily math or English. When the bill came up for discussion, over 350 people showed their support, because it's possible that through the performance pathway, a student could create a project emphasizing mastery in "fine arts "and" health and fitness". Rep. Sharon favors the proposal. In a hearing, she spoke of her granddaughter, who wrote and self-published a novel while still in school, to illustrate the kind of project is workable. While Tafona Ervin worries that the lack of emphasis on math and English could lead students to graduate without solid skills.

If the purpose of education is to ensure that young people are prepared to pursue a fulfilling life, finishing school uncertain of one's abilities in math and English weakens education's goal.

(1) Why is the question mentioned in the first paragraph? A. To make an argument. B. To introduce the topic. C. To raise an education problem. D. To clarify a concept.
(2) How many items does House Bill 1308require for high school students to graduate? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
(3) How does the writer make his points persuasive in Para. 4? A. By making comparisons. B. By offering statistics. C. By providing suggestions. D. By doing experiments.
(4) What does the author think of House Bill 1308? A. Workable. B. Effective. C. Awful. D. Reasonable.
阅读理解 普通