1.阅读理解

Earl Forlales, a graduate in Materials Science and Engineering, took inspiration from the bamboo hut his grandparents lived in outside Manila and created a house made of bamboo that can be put together in four hours to solve the chronic(长期的)shortage of affordable accommodation in the Philippines. His design won a £50,000 top prize from the Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors(RICS)in its Cities for our Future competition.

His house, known as Cubo, could be produced in a week, constructed in four hours and costs £60 per square meter. Its use of bamboo — which releases 35% more oxygen into the environment than trees — was praised by the judges. The ability of the houses to be constructed in any bamboo-producing area was one of the key attractions.

“The world's cities are growing all the time and there is a real need to make sure they are safe, clean and comfortable places to live in,” John Hughes, the competition's head judge and president at RICS, said. “As we look at our competitors, who are our next generation of leaders, I believe that real progress will be made in tackling the world's biggest issues.”

Forlales has already identified a suitable area of land to start building his Cubo houses. He plans to begin the work next year with experts from the RICS in an attempt to help relieve the huge pressure on housing in Manila, where a third of the 12 million population live in poor districts. He said, “I would like to thank RICS for the opportunity, and look forward to working with them to put this money to good use in Manila and then hopefully elsewhere around the world.”

(1) What contributes most to Forlales' winning the prize? A. The material of his house. B. The shape of his house. C. The design of his house.  D. The expense of his house.
(2) Which word can best replace the underline word “tackling” in Paragraph 3? A. Facing. B. Treating C. Covering. D. Handling.
(3) What can we infer about the Cubo house? A. It is created by Forlales and his parents. B. It can be constructed in a week. C. It has already been built in Forlales' hometown. D. It is environmentally friendly and economical.
(4) Which of the following provinces can Forlales's design be applied to? A. Jilin.  B. Inner Mongolia. C. Sichuan. D. Xinjiang.
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推理判断题; 词义猜测题; 新闻报道类;
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1.阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

The 67-year-old Shandong Province native, Ge Yuxiu, has lived in Qinghai Province for 51 years. For almost half that time, he has been on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where he has devoted his life to photographing and protecting wild animals.

Despite serious heart trouble, Ge is determined to stay on the high-altitude Plateau and continue to do something to help protect wildlife in the area.

Ge's enthusiasm for photography grew after his photo of soldiers reading news written on a blackboard was published in Qinghai Daily in 1979. He probably would never have turned to photographing wild animals without a visit to Bird Island in Qinghai Lake in 1995, after he had retired from the army and had begun working in the financial sector.

Covering less than half a square kilometer, the island is home to over 100,000 migratory birds. "I became addicted to the bird kingdom," Ge said, adding that he has so far visited the island more than 200 times to take photos.

He never expected that his attraction to the island would tie his destiny with Przewalski's gazelle (普氏原羚), a relatively small, slender antelope endemic (特有的) to China. Ge went to the island in late 1997 to take photos of swans when he saw seven yellowish-brown animals running across the grass-lands, in a line. On hearing one of his companions shouting "Przewalski's gazelle", he took out his camera and took photos of them. He was later told by wildlife conservation experts that he had captured the world's first image of this kind of antelope.

"I was so excited to hear that," he said. His excitement, however, soon gave way to anxiety after he learned about the animal's endangered status. Only found around Qinghai Lake, there were just 300 of them surviving in the wild at the time. The incident became a turning point in Ge's photography career, as he decided to devote his efforts to saving the gazelle and other endangered animals. He often spent time in the wild observing the gazelle and occasionally visited local herdsmen to learn what they knew about the animal.

Thanks to joint efforts, the population of Przewalski's gazelle has now increased to about 2,700.

(1) What are Ge's photos mainly about? A. Rare plants. B. Wild animals. C. Beautiful scenery. D. Extreme weather.
(2) Ge became more enthusiastic about photography after____. A. he arrived at the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau B. he visited Bird Island in Qinghai Lake C. one of his photos was published in Qinghai Daily D. he learned about the wild animals' endangered status
(3) Which of the following words can best describe Ge? A. Honest and silent. B. Calm and generous. C. Persistent and responsible. D. Outspoken and positive.
(4) What can be the best title for the text? A. A photography lover B. A brave soldier C. A devoted researcher D. A wildlife guardian
阅读理解 未知 普通
2. 阅读理解

Most air conditioners and fridges rely on contracting and expanding a liquid to either absorb or release large quantities of heat. While these systems are relatively cheap and simple to produce, they aren't very efficient and require lots of energy. Besides, many of the coolants (冷却剂) used are environmentally harmful.

Now, Emmanuel Defay at the Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology and his colleagues have developed a coolant-free refrigeration device made from the metals lead, scandium(钪) and tantalum(钼). It can reach maximum efficiencies of more than 60%, almost double that of typical single-room air conditioning units. The technology is based on a principle called electrocaloric cooling, in which an electric field applied across a material changes the direction of electric charges, causing a temporary increase in temperature and a succeeding decrease when the electric field is removed.

To make their cooling system, Defay and his colleagues piled up eight strips of the material known as lead scandium tantalate, which is electrocaloric, on top of one another and dipped them in a heat-carrying liquid, silicone oil. When an electric field is switched on and the strips heat up, the liquid moves to the right, and when it cools down, it moves to the left, creating permanent regions of hot and cold of about 20℃difference. These regions can be used as hot and cold reservoirs from which the oil can be circulated through pipes to cool or heat rooms or objects as desired.

"Although the efficiency of the device is theoretically 67%, the efficiency of the current design is around 12%. This could be improved if a better conductor of heat than the lead scandium tantalate were found," said Defay.

"A highest performance has been achieved by combining known elements," said NeilMathur at the University of Cambridge. However, he added, the team only looked at the cooling power of the pile of metal strips themselves, while it would be interesting to see how the entire device performs together.

(1) What does the author think of the system of traditional air conditioners? A. Efficient. B. Expensive. C. Highly energy-consuming. D. Environmentally-friendly.
(2) What is the third paragraph mainly about? A. The aim of Defay and his colleagues. B. The material of the new cooling system. C. The proposal of Defay and his colleagues. D. The working principle of the new cooling system.
(3) What matters in the current efficiency of the device researched by Defay's team? A. The extensive experiments. B. The proper equipment. C. The ideal temperature. D. The appropriate materials.
(4) What's the author likely to talk about next? A. The performance of the new cooling system. B. The research team's next arrangement. C. The sales promotion of the new device. D. Neil Mathur's comments on the device.
阅读理解 未知 普通
3.阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

Amazing Train Journeys

The Beijing to Lhasa Express, China

Departs daily; Distance-2,330 miles; Duration-40 hours

Linking the royal wonders of Beijing with the dreamlike palaces of Lhasa, the Z21 train travels from the modernity of urban China to a once-remote land. Running westward, the train climbs nearly 16,400 ft (5,000 m) on its journey to the roof of the world: the Tibetan Plateau.

London to Fort William on the Caledonian Sleeper, UK

Departs daily; Distance-509 miles; Duration-13 hours 30 minutes

This overnight train journey is filled with the romance of rail travel. It's just a pity that the whole experience-from dining-car chatting and light beer, to being carried into a la-la land by the rhythm of the rails and waking to bedside views of towering peaks-feels like it's over in a flash. Though it may be short, the Caledonian is surely Britain's best train ride.

Tazara Railway, Tanzania and Zambia

Departs twice a week; Distance-1,160 miles; Duration-46 hours

Few trains offer the chance of spotting big game from your seat, but the Tazara Railway does exactly that. For many, the highlight is neither the scenery nor the wildlife, though; it's the chance to spend two days watching everyday life out of the window, and enjoying the crowds and chaos when the train pulls to a stop.

Perurail's Lake Titicaca Railway, Peru

Departs twice a week; Distance-241 miles; Duration-10 hours

Traveling across the Altiplano, from the shores of Lake Titicaca to the beating heart of the Inca capital, the railway from Puno to Cuzco cuts a picturesque path through the snow-dusted peaks and fantastic valleys of the Andes. Passengers can enjoy the landscape from an open-air observatory car, as they travel through remote towns and villages.

(1) What do the first two train journeys have in common? A. They make weekly departure. B. They are over a thousand miles. C. They travel to highlands. D. They are the longest train rides nationwide.
(2) On which journey can passengers watch people's daily life outside the train? A. Tazara Railway. B. The Beijing to Lhasa Express. C. Perurail's Lake Titicaca Railway. D. London to Fort William on the Caledonian Sleeper.
(3) What can passengers do on Perurail's Lake Titicaca Railway? A. Travel around Lake Titicaca. B. Admire the view in the open air. C. Go through two countries on a journey. D. Have a deep understanding of towns and villages.
阅读理解 常考题 普通