1.阅读理解

At first, Dorothy Sorlie thought she was just getting old, though not as gracefully as she'd hoped. Retired from teaching English at a local college, Sorlie, then 74, began losing interest in things she'd enjoyed, including reading and cooking. She couldn't concentrate. Her handwriting changed. The symptoms occurred so gradually that initially she wasn't aware anything was happening.

Things kept getting worse. She started worrying that she might be developing early dementia (痴呆). The physical symptoms progressed too. Most worrisome, she began having trouble walking and started falling. Through it all, her doctors struggled to explain what was happening.

She and her husband, Jim Urness, were desperate for answers; It would take years before they got them. The doctors' diagnoses (诊断), all incorrect, could account for one or two of Sorlie's symptoms but not all of them, and none of the treatments seemed to help.

The couple traveled across the country looking for someone who could tell them what was wrong. However, one possible explanation for her symptoms after another proved incorrect. At last, Sorlie's primary care doctor, Kevin Wergeland found the disease responsible for all her symptoms was a little-known condition called normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). Although her condition was detected at an advanced state, it was treatable.

In fact, NPH is sometimes referred to as "treatable dementia". It is an insidious (潜伏的) and mysterious disorder that can copy many more common problems including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. An estimated 700000 people in the United States have NPH, although ifs believed that fewer than 20 percent of them are correctly diagnosed.

Sorlie is now free of NPH symptoms, and taking advantage of her good health and using her dramatic recovery to inform others about NPH. She gives presentations to local senior centers as a volunteer. "If this awareness can help one person avoid what my husband and I endured, " Sorlie says, "then my efforts are worth it. "

(1) Which of the following best describes Sorlie's experience of seeking treatment? A. Tough. B. Inspiring. C. Unfair. D. Hopeful.
(2) Why are most people with NPH incorrectly diagnosed? A. The doctors are not responsible and professional. B. It is a rare disease that few cases have ever occurred. C. The symptoms are similar to those of other common diseases. D. The medical conditions in most cities are not advanced enough.
(3) Why does Sorlie serve as a volunteer in local senior centers? A. To inform senior people about their health condition. B. To provide suggestions on how to recover from NPH. C. To raise peopled awareness about leading a healthy life. D. To help people with NPH suffer less in getting correct diagnosis.
(4) Where is the text probably from? A. A medical record. B. A biography. C. A science report. D. A popular magazine.
【考点】
推理判断题; 细节理解题; 故事阅读类; 记叙文;
【答案】

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1.阅读理解

One of the earliest forms of writing which is still being used today is Chinese characters, or hanzi. The image that many people have of Chinese characters is that they are all pictograms, but this is far from the case because pictograms have very limited use. Simple pictograms might be practical, for example, if one is making a shopping list of items to buy at the store, but they are fairly useless if one is writing something more complex or abstract. So it is a mistake to assume that written Chinese is a "picture language".

Besides pictograms, there are simple ideograms. These are characters which provide an abstract picture of an idea, but in an often easily recognizable form. For example, "up" is "上" while "down" is "下". While the meanings of many ideograms are not this easy to work out, they tend to be simple, easy-to-remember characters which are commonly used.

Next we have a common category of hanzi: compound characters. These are where elements of two or more characters are combined in one character for a new meaning. Some of these are easy to understand. In many cases, however, the meanings of compound characters are more difficult to work out.

Phonetic loan characters are the characters which started out as pictograms. However, they were often used to mean other words that had the same pronunciation. A good example of this is "目". While it can be used in modern Chinese with the meaning "eye", it is most often used to mean "an item on a list". The reason was that Chinese had a word for "an item on a list" but lacked a character for it, so the word took the character "目", a character with the same pronunciation.

A final category of Chinese characters is by far the most common. These are phonetic-semantic characters. With phonetic-semantic characters, one element of each character gives a clue to the pronunciation, while the other gives a clue to the meaning.

Over the centuries, Chinese characters have continually been developed, with a trend towards the simple and more abstract. It was thought that the complexity of some Chinese characters was keeping people from being able to learn them. Thus, during the 1950s and 1960s, the Chinese government rolled out simplified Chinese characters.

(1)  Why are pictograms sometimes not practical for use in a writing system? A. They are only available for shopping. B. They are too complex for people to learn. C. They cannot convey abstract ideas very well. D. They are quite complicated and difficult to write.
(2)  What do we know about compound characters according to the passage? A. They are drawings of objects used in a writing system. B. They are characters which use elements of two or more characters. C. They are characters used in a writing system to convey abstract concepts. D. They are characters which give clues to both the meaning and pronunciation.
(3)  Which of the following categories does the character "模" belong to? A. Pictograms. B. Phonetic loan characters. C. Ideograms. D. Phonetic-semantic characters.
(4)  What would be the benefit of simplifying Chinese characters according to the passage? A. Creating a standard character set for China. B. Visualizing the image of Chinese characters. C. Popularizing the use of Chinese characters. D. Reproducing a high-grade character for calligraphy.
阅读理解 未知 普通
2.阅读理解

What a day! I started at my new school this morning and had the best time. I made lots of new friends and really liked my teachers. I was nervous the night before, but I had no reason to be. Everyone was so friendly and polite. They made me feel at ease. It was like I'd been at the school for a hundred years!

The day started very early at 7:00 a.m. I had my breakfast downstairs with my mum. She could tell that I was very nervous. Mum kept asking me what was wrong. She told me I had nothing to worry about and that everyone was going to love me. If they didn't love me, Mum said to send them her way for a good talking to. I couldn't stop laughing.

My mum dropped me off at the school gate about five minutes before the bell. A little blonde(金发的) girl got dropped off at the same time and started waving(招手) at me. She ran over and told me her name was Abigail. She was very nice and we became close straightaway. We spent all morning together and began to talk to another girl called Stacey. The three of us sat together in class all day and we even made our way home together! It went so quickly. Our teacher told us that tomorrow we would really start learning and developing new skills.

I cannot wait until tomorrow and feel as though I am really going to enjoy my time at my new school. I only hope that my new friends feel the same way too.

(1) What did the author think of her mother's advice? A. Humorous. B. Helpful. C. Useless. D. Horrible.
(2) What of the following is TRUE about the author's first day of school? A. She had a hurried lunch. B. She met some nice classmates. C. She lost her way. D. She was late for school.
(3) What can we know about Abigail? A. She hated Stacey. B. She was shy and clever. C. She was afraid of the author. D. She was kind to the author.
(4) What is the best title for the passage? A. My Friends and My Parents B. I Have a Good Mum C. A Little Blonde Girl and Her Mum D. The First Day at My New School
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3.阅读理解

Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.

We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.

Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.

Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives ( 视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.

(1) What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence? A. It can be measured by an IQ test. B. It helps to exercise a person's mind. C. It includes a set of emotional skills. D. It refers to a person's positive qualities.
(2) Why does the author mention "doctor" and "cheater" in paragraph 2? A. To explain a rule. B. To clarify a concept.      C. To present a fact. D. To make a prediction.
(3) What is the author's attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence? A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
(4) What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence? A. Its appeal to the public. B. Expectations for future studies. C. Its practical application. D. Scientists with new perspectives.
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