1.阅读理解

Guanmei, a 65-year-old woman of the Dong ethnic group, is the inheritor of the Grand Song of Dong (侗族大歌), a national intangible cultural heritage in China. Her hometown Zaidai Village in Guizhou, southwestern China, is home to the Grand Song of the Dong ethnic group.

The Grand Song of Dong dates from more than 2,500 years ago. The way Dong singers use their vocal cords (声带) is different from how formally trained singers do. It is a folk chorus with multi-parts, no conductor, and no accompaniment. Organically growing from their natural surroundings, it is recognized internationally as "the sound of Nature."

Before the Dong people had a writing system in 1958,the Dong culture, their history and stories were all recorded by means of songs. As a Dong saying goes, "Rice feeds the body and songs enrich the soul". The Dong people sing right from their childhood. While not singing, they all work in their rice field.

Guanmei has been singing the Grand Song of Dong all her life, making her a famous singing teacher in her hometown and nearby areas. "The songs are our means of passing on wisdom, knowledge and life experiences to others. I will not exist in this world 100 years later, but Grand songs will. I'm honored to do this job," Guanmei said.

Kind-hearted, Guanmei has been volunteering to teach the Grand Song of Dong to the Dong children for over 30 years. Now she has more than 300 students. Guanmei is pleased to see the village children come to her house willingly when they have free time.

"Nowadays, more and more young people leave the village and settle in cities. Decades later, the Dong children out of the village might know nothing about Grand songs. We should do something just now. It's our mission. What is once lost might be lost forever," added Guanmei.

(1) What makes the Grand Song of Dong known as "the sound of Nature"? A. The outstanding conductor. B. The special musical instrument. C. The attractive natural environment. D. The inspiration from nature.
(2) What can we know about the Dong ethnic culture? A. The Dong singers are professionals. B. The Dong culture before 1958 has been largely lost. C. Singing is of vital importance to the Dong people. D. They have a written language with a history of over 2,500 years.
(3) How does Guanmei feel about the future of Grand songs? A. Concerned. B. Sympathetic. C. Optimistic. D. Satisfied.
(4) What's the author's main purpose in writing the passage? A. To call on young people to return to the Dong village. B. To guide the Dong children to learn the Grand Song of Dong. C. To show a woman's efforts to keep the Dong culture alive. D. To instruct people to appreciate the Grand Song of Dong.
【考点】
推理判断题; 细节理解题; 故事阅读类; 记叙文;
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1.阅读理解

Invented in the Tang Dynasty and widely adopted after the Song Dynasty in Fujian, the watertight-bulkhead(水密舱壁) technology permits the construction of ocean-going ships with watertight compartments(隔层). If one or two cabins are accidentally damaged at sea, water will not flood the other cabins and the ships will remain afloat.

The experience and working methods of watertight-bulkhead technology are transmitted orally from master to apprentices. However, the need for Chinese junks(中国式帆船) has decreased sharply as wooden ships have been replaced by steel-hulled ships, and today only three masters can claim full command of this technology. Associated building costs have also increased owing to a shortage in raw materials. Therefore, the inheritance(继承) of this heritage is decreasing, and inheritors are forced to seek alternative employment.

Zhang Guohui, a 77-year-old inheritor of the watertight-bulkhead techniques used to make Chinese junks, has been making ships for more than six decades. Coming from a poor family in a fishing town in East China's Fujian Province, Zhang started to make a living at the age of 16fishing on the open seas, which is where he developed a keen interest in constructing boats. As a fast learner, Zhang was later sent to shipyards in the cities of Quanzhou and Xiamen in Fujian Province, where he received training and became a master of traditional Chinese junks and gained fame because of his extremely skilled craftsmanship in the construction of these junks.

In fear that the traditional skills would die someday, Zhang started to restore old ships and make model junks for the museum with his 20 years of shipbuilding skills. "The restored ancient ships are the historical witnesses of Quanzhou as a maritime center of the East and Southeast Asiatrade network," said Zhang, adding that he finds the work meaningful since younger generations can learn from exhibitions of ancient ships that their ancestors had advanced shipbuilding technology at an early stage of development. "As long as I'm alive, I'll keep passing on the heritage," he said.

(1) What function is expected of the watertight-bulkhead technology? A. To prevent ships from sinking. B. To reduce the weight of ships. C. To allow ships to sail faster. D. To help ships. resist strong winds.
(2) Which of the following is the purpose of paragraph 2? A. To prove the significance of steel-hulled ships. B. To stress the complex process of building wooden ships. C. To present people's efforts to pass down cultural heritages. D. To show difficulties of inheriting watertight-bulkhead technology.
(3) What can we learn about Zhang Guohui from paragraph 3? A. He supports his family by fishing. B. He was born with a talent for shipbuilding. C. He has devoted himself to constructing boats. D. He has won many awards for restoring ancient ships.
(4) What does Zhang Guohui convey in his words? A. Traditional culture should be innovated with the times. B. The ancient ship trade originated from Quanzhou in China. C. It is necessary for modern students to learn shipbuilding skills. D. It is worth passing on traditional skills from generation to generation.
阅读理解 未知 普通
2. 阅读理解

As the second largest city of the Republic of Korea, Busan draws global attention. Here are some routes for visıtors to have fun.

The First Route

Start off at the Haeundae Beach, where you can take a walk, sip a coffee, or try local fish cakes before heading up to BUSAN X the SKY. This observatory occupies the top floors of the city's highest structure, where you'll be attracted by the wonderful urban views. You can also visit the old Haedong Yonggunsa Temple along the route.

The Second Route

With its popular Songdo Cable Car moving quickly over the water to a park, this route offers amazing views of the city's traditional core. It's just a quick taxi to the Yeongdo Island, home to some of Busan's oldest neighborhoods, including the Huinnyeoul Culture Village. Overlooking the water, the whole picture that you can see is arguably the most romantic scene.

The Third Route

As a port city, you should head to the old harbor district of Nampo-dong to find its real charm. This is where you'll find the Jagalchi Market, the open-air seafood market that's not only a strong wave to the senses but also the city's living and beating heart. Walk along its gathering as you see fresh seafood from the sea, along with the vendors(摊贩)who sell it all.

The Fourth Route

Shinsegae Centum City is not far from the Gwangalli Beach, a crowded area of sand, cafes, and eateries looking out across the water to the Gwangan Bridge. There will be a cool drone(无人机)show on Saturday in the evening of a hot summer and a fireworks festival in November. For a unique experience, book a sunset stand up paddle boarding(SUP)trip to the bridge back with professional surfers.

(1) What do the first two routes have in common? A. They both have cool drone shows. B. They both have thrilling water parks. C. They both have historical attractions. D. They both have popular coffee stores.
(2) What makes the third route special? A. Its impressive market. B. Its open and wide view. C. Its scenic walking hotspot. D. Its SUP trip above the water.
(3) Which route provides flying objects show? A. The First Route. B. The Second Route. C. The Third Route. D. The Fourth Route.
阅读理解 未知 普通
3.阅读理解

We have a family tradition where each year, on New Year's Eve, we sit down and go through old albums. This year, when we were doing this annual routine, I noticed my grandmother looked shorter now than in pictures from when she was younger.

Our height decreases with age. The height that most of us boosts during our teens and twenties suddenly decides to leave us behind as we get increasingly older. So we se our parents and grandparents "shrinking".

This loss in height is observed in both males and females and across continents. Aging is universal; so too is our gradual reduction in height. People typically begin losing their height around the age of 30 years. Every ten years after this age, humans lose almost one centimeter, which roughly translates to about one half of an inch. This decrease in height also accelerates with age. Men and women lose height differently. Women lose more inches compared to males of the same age. Also, interestingly enough, the rate of height loss depends on their initial height, with the taller ones losing more height.

The length of leg bones and the spine(脊柱)determine the height of a person. These normally attain their maximum length by the end of adolescence, after which one's height does not increase. During our "adult phase", the length of the leg bones remains pretty much the same, but the spinal bones tend to play a key role in the reduction of height. Besides, the ligaments(韧带)of the foot start degenerating with age. This arches our foot down. Thus, our height may reduce slightly. In addition, the body loses its lean mass muscle with age due to, in part, loss of muscle tissues. This condition is age-related loss of muscle. The muscle fibers shrink and are replaced at a slower rate. This muscle loss makes us look shorter.

Nothing can really push the stop button, but it can lose some speed through appropriate diet, regular exercise, and general avoidance of alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine.

(1) Why does the author mention his family tradition? A. To indicate the value of family. B. To analyze a complicated issue. C. To introduce the topic of the text. D. To share his interesting experiences.
(2) Who probably loses height the most? A. A tall 70-year-old man. B. A short 50-year-old woman. C. A tall eighty-year-old woman. D. A mid-height eighty-year-old man.
(3) What changes will mainly determine the height decrease? A. Spinal bones. B. Muscle tissues. C. Leg bones. D. Foot ligaments.
(4) What can be known about the height reduction? A. It can be stopped. B. It can affect health. C. It can change lifestyle. D. It can be slowed down.
阅读理解 常考题 普通