1. 阅读理解

    People who increased the number of times they chewed their food before swallowing ate less each meal, according to a new study.

    Slow eaters tend to be slimmer. Before the study, the researchers didn't know whether asking people to chew more would change the amount of food they ate. But they found meal sizes became smaller when adults chewed more before swallowing——whether they were slim, normal-weight, overweight or obese.

    “The study proves the benefits of taking time to chew food well,” said dietitian Brown Giggs.

    The participants were asked to eat five pizza rolls and count the number of times they chewed each roll. Researchers did not tell them what exactly was being tested in the study. 47 people went on to finish the study. 10 were slim, 10 were normal-weight, 27 were overweight. Those participants attended three weekly lunchtime test periods. Each day, researchers gave them 60 pizza rolls and told them to eat until they were full. Depending on the period, researchers asked people to chew every bite the same number of times as at their test visit, 50% more or twice as many times.

    Slim participants ate more slowly than normal-weight and overweight participants. Overall, people spent more time eating when they increased the number of times they chewed. The participants rated their appetite (食欲) the same after each meal even though slower chewing reduced how much they ate.

    Researchers noted that the study was conducted under lab conditions, so it's not clear whether it would adapt to normal life. The researchers are now looking to see whether how fast people eat, for example, influences how much they eat. “It takes about 20 minutes for the brain to signal your stomach that you're full,” Brown Riggs said.

    “Fast eaters can eat a large amount of food within that 20-minute period causing more calories, which can lead to being overweight or obesity.”

(1) What does the passage tell us? A. Slim people should take time to chew food well. B. People should eat slowly if they want to be slim. C. The amount of food people eat depends on the times they chew it. D. People's appetite is deeply influenced by the times they chew the food.
(2) In the study, participants were told to________. A. take more calories from the pizza rolls B. eat five portions of pizza rolls every day C. understand the purpose of the test D. control the times they chewed the pizza rolls
(3) What can we infer from the last but one paragraph? A. The normal-weight ones ate the most slowly among the participants. B. The longer time a person eats for, the more times he chews. C. A person's eating speed doesn't affect his appetite for food. D. The quantity of food a person takes has something to do with his appetite.
(4) Participants in the study reduced their food amount probably because they _______. A. didn't like eating food containing lots of calories B. had less space in their stomach to contain too much food C. had enough time to receive the signal of being full from their brain D. were not used to eating food in the lab conditions
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1. 阅读理解

    This year's flu season is pretty scary. To try to minimize the effects, public officials are still urging anyone who hasn't yet gotten their flu shot to get one as soon as possible. However, even if every single person got a shot in the arm, the vaccine(疫苗)—with its excellent 36 percent effectiveness—would not prevent everyone from getting infected with the annoying virus. Knowledge is power, so here's what goes on in your body when you come down with the flu.

    The influenza virus primarily attacks your nose, throat, and the tubes that lead to your lungs. But the flu is so much more than that. Your muscles ache, your head hurts, and your appetite goes down, among other things. To our surprise, almost all of these symptoms have less to do with the virus itself than with your immune(免疫的)response to them. Unfortunately, the very defense you have in place to get rid of the flu is the reason you feel so painful when you recover.

    The virus usually enters through your mouth, typically by way of your hands. But it takes a few days for symptoms to set in. While this process might cause some harm to your nose and throat, it's nothing major, and nothing like the symptoms that typically accompany a bad or even mild case of the flu.

    The real fun starts when your immune system begins to fight. Your immune system comes in two parts: the innate system and the adaptive. The innate immune system is essentially an all-purpose tool. As soon as your body senses the presence of any injury or invader (入侵者), the innate immune system launches into action by producing tiny proteins called cytokines and chemokines. The cytokines reproduce almost immediately and start to attack the virus. This increase in immune cells creates an serious inflammation(炎症) throughout the body. But the worst is still to come. Meanwhile, the chemokines work with the adaptive immune system to help create T cells. These cells are a special type of white blood cell that works in a much more specific way: They find the influenza virus, identify what's special about it, and create something unique on their surface that finds and destroys similar invaders.

(1) What can we infer from Paragraph 1? A. All the vaccine is not effective. B. No one can avoid catching this year's flu. C. This year's flu is the most serious one in recent years. D. Public health officials have to use a gun when necessary.
(2) Why many parts of your body suffer while you're recovering from a flu? A. Because recovery from illness is painful. B. Because your immune system is working against your defense system. C. Because your body is fighting hard against the flu. D. Because the influenza virus attacks your nose, throat and other parts.
(3) The underlined word "fun" in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by     . A. joy B. battle C. action D. program
(4) What's the main idea of Paragraph 4? A. The fight between innate immune system and the adaptive. B. The categories of immune system. C. The way immune system works. D. The process of the development of immune system.
阅读理解 普通
2. 阅读理解

    Music is magic! Music speaks louder than words and it is a "language" that the whole world can understand. A piece of music can produce a response in the heart and mind. Like feeling an electrical current or receiving a personal radio signal, music has a spiritual effect on a person. Different kinds of music influence people in different ways.

    I have listened to music all my life. When I was twelve years old, the Beatles came to America and my whole world opened up. Maybe young people today cannot understand the influence of the Beatles when they exploded across America. Their influence changed the way we dressed, looked, acted and spoke, even our culture. The Beatles arrived in America from the UK just three months after the assassination(暗杀) of President John Kennedy, which had put America into a great depression. And the freshness and lively spirit of the Beatles was exactly what the country needed to refresh itself.

    Music links the heart of the hearer with that of the composer. This means that it mixes the spirit of the composer with your spirit when you listen to it. And the music can take your spirit out of your body and transport you into another world. Music has a great way of touching people. Music can make you laugh, cry or shout. It's also a great source of inspiration.

    Try this one day and notice what happens: make yourself a cup of tea, sit on your sofa and play one of your favorite songs. Close your eyes, and soon you'll find yourself creating vivid mental images matching the music that you are listening to.

(1) Music has magical power because it ________. A. is a kind of language B. can be played much louder than words C. receives a personal radio signal D. can influence a person's spirit
(2) Music influences people in the following ways EXCEPT ________. A. touching and inspiring people B. transport people form one place to another C. allowing people to express their emotions D. connecting the listener and the composer mentally
(3) What does the writer suggest people do in the last paragraph? A. Create vivid pictures. B. Enjoys drinking in spare time. C. Relax and listen to their favorite music. D. Notice everything happening around.
阅读理解 普通
3. 阅读理解。

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。

    Students from Florida International University in Miami walked on water Thursday for a class assignment. To do it, they wore aquatic (水上的) shoes they designed and created.

    Alex Quinones was the first to make it to the other side of a 175-foot lake on campus in record time—just over a minute. Quinones, who wore big boat-like shoes, also won last year and will receive $500.

    Students had to wear the aquatic shoes and make it across the lake in order to earn an “A” on the assignment for a special course. “It's traditional in a school of architecture to do boats out of cardboard (硬纸板) for a boat race. I thought our students were a little bit more special than that,” Canaves said. “We decided to do the walk on water event to take it to the next level.”

    A total of 79 students competed in the race this year in 41 teams. Only 10 teams failed to cross the lake. Others who fell got back up and made it to the end. The race is open to all students and anyone in the neighborhood. The youngest person to ever took part was a 9-year-old girl who competed in place of her mother, while the oldest was a 67-year-old woman. A large crowd on campus joined Canaves as he cheered on the racers. He shouted encouraging words, but also laughed as some unsteadily made their way to the end.

    “A part of this is for them to have more understanding of designing and make it work better,” he said. It is also a lesson in life for the students.

    “Anything, including walking on water, is possible, if you do the research, test it and go through the design process seriously.

(1) What can we learn about Alex Quinones? A. He finished the race in less than a minute. B. He won the race with the help of 2 boats. C. He failed the race last year. D. He set a new record this year.
(2) For what purpose did the students join in the race? A. To go across the lake to school. B. To test their balance on the water. C. To earn a good grade for a course. D. To win the prize money of $500.
(3) What can we learn according to the fourth paragraph? A. More than 20 teams failed to cross the lake. B. The students who fell into the water had to quit. C. The students kept silent when the other racers competed. D. The youngest competitor competed instead of her mother.
(4) According to Canaves, this race can help the students ________. A. understand designing better B. achieve almost everything C. work together and unite as one D. walk on the surface of water
阅读理解 普通