1.  阅读下列短文, 从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

It may surprise you to know that at every Olympic Games, some sports are added and others taken away. For example, did you know that tug- of- war was once an Olympic sport? It was dropped long ago though. In London2012, women's boxing was added. In Rio 2016, golf and rugby sevens were included. Baseball and softball were dropped after Beijing 2008. but returned for Tokyo 2020. Another sport that got approyed for Tokyo 2020 was climbing. One sport that isn't on the list of Olympic Games, is trampoline dodgeball(蹦床躲避球). Both climbing and trampoline dodgeball are popular with teens. That's because you don't need to invest in lots of expensive equinment. The following is more related information about them.

Dodgeball is a team game in which players throw balls at each other. The objective is to beat the opposing team's players by hitting them with a ball, catching a ball( the thrower is out), or forcing a player out of the court. In trampoline dodgeball, the game is the same but takes place on a court made out of trampolines. The court has a bouncy floor and high bouncy walls. It's surrounded by nets to catch the balls. The action is fast and fun, and you'll always have a soft landing if you fall!

When might trampoline dodgeball be an Olympic sport? Nobody knows! New sports must fulfil many strict rules before they're accepted. For example, trampoline dodgeball will need to have one set of rules that everyone follows. This includes playing in the same- sized court using the same type of ball.

(1) What is not an Olympic sport? A. Baseball. B. Dodgeball. C. Softball. D. Climbing.
(2) Why are trampoline dodgeball and climbing popular with young people? A. It doesn't cost a lot to take part in them. B. They are dropped Olympic sports. C. They are easy to learn. D. You don't need any equipment.
(3) What is correct about trampoline dodgeball? A. Trampoline dodgeball is the same game as dodgeball. B. Trampoline dodgeball is a team game. C. Now, players have one set of rules when playing it. D. Playing Trampoline dodgeball is very dangerous.
(4) What topic may the writer continue to discuss after the last paragraph? A. What is trampoline dodgeball? B. How is climbing a sport? C. Where can people play trampoline dodgeball and practise climbing? D. What sports will be in the next Olympic games?
(5) Where can we probably find the passage? A. In a newspaper. B. In a TV guide. C. In a science report. D. In a sports magazine.
【考点】
说明文; 重大体育赛事活动; 细节理解; 推理判断;
【答案】

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阅读选择 普通
能力提升
换一批
1. Read the passage and choose the best answer

    When something goes wrong, it can be very satisfying to say, "Well, it's so-and-so's fault. "or "I know I'm late, but it's not my fault; the car broke down. " It is probably not your fault, but once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation, you are a loser. You have no power and could do nothing that helps change the situation. However, you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. This is the winner's key to success.

    Winners are great at overcoming problems. For example, if you were late because your car broke down, maybe you need to have your car examined more regularly. Or, you might start to carry along with you the useful phone numbers, so you could call for help when in need. For another example, if your colleague causes you problems on the job for lack of responsibility or ability, find ways of dealing with his irresponsibility or inability rather than simply blame the person. Ask to work with a different person, or don't rely on this person. You should accept that the person is not reliable and find creative ways to work successfully regardless of how your colleague fails to do his job well.

    This is what being a winner is all about - creatively using your skills and talents so that you are successful no matter what happens. Winners don't have fewer problems in their lives; they have just as many difficult situation to face as anybody else. They are just better at seeing those problems as challenges and opportunities to develop their own talents. So, stop focusing on "whose fault it is. " Once you are confident about your power over bad situations, problems are just stepping stones for success.

(1) According to the passage, winners       . A.  deal with problems rather than blame others B. meet with fewer difficulties in their lives C. have responsible and able colleagues D. blame others rather than themselves
(2) The underlined word remedy in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to       . A. avoid B. accept C. improve D. consider
(3) When your colleague brings about a problem, you should       . A. find a better way to handle the problem B. blame him for his lack of responsibility C. tell him to find the cause of the problem D. ask another person for help
(4) When problems appear, winners consider themselves as        . A. excuses for their failures B. chances for self-development C. difficulties for greater power D. challenges for their colleagues
(5) According to the passage, which of the following sentences is wrong? A. If you were late because your car broke down, you might start to carry the useful phone numbers with you. B. If you want to be winners, you had better learn to use your skills and talents creatively. C. If you want to be winners, you had better use those problems as challenges and opportunities to develop your own talents. D. If you are confident about your power over bad situations, you will cause problems.
(6) Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Winner's Secret. B. A Winner's Problem. C. A Winner's Opportunity. D. A Winner's Achievement.
阅读选择 普通
2. 阅读理解

    I just returned to my hometown of Wilson Creek. I was away for 10 years. So many things have changed around here. When I left Wilson Creek, there was a small lake in the south-east of the town.

    They have filled in the lake and built a large shopping center and a swimming pool there. They have also built a new post office just across from my old school.

    The baseball stadium(体育场)in the north-east of Wilson Creek has also changed a lot. They have now added a new stand(看台). Now the stadium can seat a few thousand people. It looks really great.

    The biggest changes have taken place in the town center. It has become a pedestrianised area(步行区) and you can't drive there anymore. They have built a large square and a cinema. There is also a new street cafe and a grassy area.

My street looks just the same as it always has been, but a public library has appeared on the next street. There used to be a park there but they have cut down all the trees. What a pity! The library now has a large green area in front of it but it's not the same as when the park was there.

    Another change is the new restaurants that have opened in Wilson Creek. A Chinese restaurant and an Italian restaurant have opened in the town center, and a Mexican restaurant has opened near my home. I'm going to the Mexican one tomorrow!

(1) The shopping center is where a     used to be. A. swimming pool B. lake C. post office D. school
(2) Where is the baseball stadium in Wilson Creek? A. In the south-east. B. In the north-east. C. In the town center. D. Near the writer's home.
(3) The writer thinks it is a pity that         . A. his street hasn't changed B. his street doesn't have a library C. the park isn't there anymore D. the library doesn't have a green area
(4) What will the writer do tomorrow? A. Watch a movie in the town center cinema. B. Watch a baseball match at the stadium. C. Go to a Mexican restaurant. D. Go shopping in the shopping center.
(5) What would be the best title for the text? A. My Favorite Restaurant in Town B. My Favorite Things to Do in Town C. Great Buildings in My Hometown D. Great Changes in My Hometown
阅读选择 普通
3. 阅读理解

    It's common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci's most famous painting seems to look back at observers (观察者), following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room. But this common knowledge turns out wrong.

    A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an angle (角度) that's 15.4 degrees off to the observer's right—well outside of the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them. In other words, said the study author, Horstmann, "She's not looking at you." This is somewhat ironic, because the entire phenomenon of a person's gaze (凝视) in a photograph or painting seeming to follow the viewer is called the "Mona Lisa effect (效应)". That effect is absolutely real, Horstmann said. If a person is illustrated or photographed looking straight ahead, even people viewing the portrait from an angle will feel they are being looked at. As long as the angle of the person's gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs.

    This is important for human interaction with on screen characters. If you want someone off to the right side of a room to feel that a person on—screen is looking at him or her, you don't cut the gaze of the character to that side—surprisingly, doing so would make an observer feel like the character isn't looking at anyone in the room at all. Instead, you keep the gaze straight ahead.

    Horstmann and his co—author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial—intelligence avatars (虚拟头像) when Horstmann took a long look at the "Mona Lisa" and realized she wasn't looking at him.

    To make sure it wasn't just him, the researchers asked 24 people to view images of the "Mona Lisa" on a computer screen. They set a ruler between the viewer and the screen and asked the participants to note which number on the ruler intersected (横切) Mona Lisa's gaze. To calculate (估测) the angle of Mona Lisa's gaze as she looked at the viewer, they moved the ruler farther from or closer to the screen during the study. Consistently, the researchers found, participants judged that the woman in the "Mona Lisa" portrait was not looking straight at them, but slightly off to their right.

    So why do people repeat the belief that her eyes seem to follow the viewer? Horstmann isn't sure. It's possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. Or maybe the people who first created the term "Mona Lisa effect" just thought it was a cool name.

(1) It is generally believed that the woman in the painting "Mona Lisa" A. attracts the viewers to look back B. looks at the viewers wherever they stand C. fixes her eyes on the back of the viewers D. seems mysterious because of her eyes
(2) The purpose of the experiment involving 24 people was to           . A. calculate the angle of Mona Lisa's gaze B. create artificial-intelligence avatars C. make sure Horstmann's belief is right D. explain how the Mona Lisa effect can be applied
(3) What gaze range in a painting will cause the Mona Lisa effect? A. B. C. D.
(4) What can we learn from the passage? A. Horstmann thinks it's cool to create the term "Mona Lisa effect". B. The Mona Lisa effect contributes to the creation of artificial intelligence. C. The position of the ruler in the experiment will influence the viewers' judgement. D. Feeling being gazed at by Mona Lisa may be caused by the desire for attention.
阅读选择 普通