1.阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

Emerson, my 11-year-old daughter, is on a wild ride with the United States Postal Service (USPS) and our postman, Doug. She has a serious letter-writing habit and keeps in touch with her favorite people. If you've been the receiver of her hand-decorated letters and envelopes, then I know they really make your day.

A letter from Emerson is likely to include some art, a joke and enough questions to guarantee a response. But when she wrote a letter to Doug, she put something new in it. "You may know me as the person living here that writes lots of letters. . . You're very important to me, helping me stay in touch with friends. I cheer people up with my letters, and you do that too!", Emerson wrote.

The next day, a package arrived with two letters. One was from Doug and the other from his superior, Sara, saying she had shared Emerson's letter in the internal newsletter(内部通讯)of the USPS and believed many postal workers wanted to thank Emerson. Emerson was so pleased with Sara's letter that it upset me much, for the possible result of no reply would come as a blow to her.

Surprisingly, today, we saw Doug come with two boxes of letters from around the country. These letters were so human, filled with stories about family, pets and a sense of kindness. But there was something more in them. People felt seen—some for the first time in a long time. "I work alone in a small rural post office..." "Not many people think about how hard we work..". Emerson wrote back seriously.

I'm sharing this not because I'm a proud dad, but because it's relatively easy, if we take the time, to give others links they need to be good-human connection. Emerson did this daringly. Her lesson to me is simple: It's the small things that matter most. We all want to be seen, known and loved.

Send a letter. Give a call. Take a step of bravery, like Emerson.

(1) Why did Emerson write Doug a letter? A. To cheer him up. B. To ask for a wild ride. C. To express her thanks. D. To show hand-decorated envelopes.
(2) What does the underlined phrase "People felt seen" in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. People thought they worked too hard. B. People felt that they were cared about by others. C. People saw Doug come with two boxes of letters. D. People working in small rural post offices feel very lonely.
(3) Which word can best describe Emerson? A. Optimistic. B. Polite. C. Caring. D. Ambitious.
(4) What message does the author seem to convey in the text? A. One's words reflect one's thinking. B. Kids should be encouraged to be brave. C. There is kindness to be found everywhere. D. Connection makes a difference.
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推理判断题; 词义猜测题; 故事阅读类; 记叙文;
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1.阅读理解

My name is Matthew. I'm not someone who has many secrets, because I'm a terrible liar. But there is one huge secret that I kept for years-I failed my driving test. I had never failed a test before, and had never even come close. Driving made me anxious, but my parents told me I had to. They signed me up for driving lessons. I had gotten a perfect score for my written permit exam, but getting behind the wheel was a different story.

But when October 30th rolled around, my pride set in. I wanted to be like everyone else at my school, showing off the brand new license they'd gotten. Looking back on that special day, I can't remember if I was nervous. What I do remember is starting the test, pausing at a stop sign after a few seconds, and being asked by the instructor to pull over. I had received an auto-fail since my pause was indeed a pause and not a real stop. I wasn't upset that I was leaving without a license, but I was scared everyone would know that I had failed. So when I got to class, I told everyone I didn't want to take the test on my birthday.

One Friday a month later, I went to the test spot again and passed. Later that night I drove for the first time by myself, which brought to me an amazing feeling I've never experienced-but sill, 1 couldn't imagine ever telling anyone the truth. So I didn't. It wasn't until midway through college that I came clean. It turned out plenty of my college friends had failed too! And I gathered enough courage to speak the fact out. Yes, I had also failed.

Now I realize failure and imperfection are two things everyone has to experience, without which one couldn't make a true man.

(1) What can we learn about Matthew? A. He was afraid of taking exams. B. He relied heavily on his parents. C. He was a slow learner of driving. D. He was bored with telling lies.
(2) Why did the instructor ask Matthew to pull over? A. To check his parking skills. B. To put an end to his test. C. To give him a second chance. D. To show him a better way of driving.
(3) What made Matthew feel extremely worried after his first attempt? A. Failing to get a driving license. B. Missing his birthday celebration. C. Losing face before his classmates. D. Making his parents disappointed.
(4) What did Matthew learn from his own experience? A. Honesty is the best policy. B. Imperfection is another form of perfection. C. Truth stands the test of time. D. Failure is a way to grow up.
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2.阅读理解

A colorful colony of photosynthetic (光合的) cyanobacteria, known as blue-green algae (海藻) , have successfully powered a computer microprocessor for more than six months, according to a study published in the Journal Energy & Environmental Science.

During a pandemic lockdown, the algae-computer system was placed in the window of biochemist Paolo Bombelli's home. What he saw next really blew his mind: it sat there from February to August 2021, and all the while it was working. And even after the microprocessor has been disconnected, the cyanobacteria device continues to produce current. "Given the right conditions of light, temperature and water, I cannot predict when it will stop," said Bombelli.

Cyanobacteria harvest energy from sunlight and make it into food for themselves. For this study, the researchers put the power-providing microorganisms into a plastic and steel enclosure, about the size of an AA battery, along with an aluminum anode (铝正极) . Throughout the experiment, the connected microprocessor was programmed to do a bunch of calculations, and then check its own work. It did this in a 45-minute period, followed by 15 minutes of standby, continuously for months with the cyanobacteria unit as its only power source.

Even though the algae rely on a light source to feed, the bio-system continued to produce enough power to run the microprocessor in the dark. The scientists basically put down this phenomenon. to leftovers. When there was light, the cyanobacteria cooked up an over-abundance (过剩) of food, and when it was dark the microorganisms kept chewing on the extras.

According to Chris Howe, senior author of the study, the results suggest that the little bio-based battery substitute could serve as a way to power small electronics without rare earth elements, which are in short supply and under growing demand. Plus, the system could also help bridge the electricity divide, providing another power supply for people in rural areas or low-income countries.

Though the experiment's results are promising, it's important to keep in mind that the computer processor tested uses very little energy requiring only 0.3 microwatts to run. More research is needed to know exactly how much the tiny AA battery-sized device could scale up. Howe said, "Putting one on your roof isn't going to provide the power supply for your house at this stage."

(1) Which of the following facts about the battery surprised Bombelli? A. It can work without water. B. It needs much light to work. C. It works for a long time. D. It can stand high temperatures.
(2) What can we learn about the bio-system from Paragraph 4? A. It can store light for later use. B. It can work normally in the dark. C. It consumes little food in the dark. D. It can help people cook delicious food.
(3)  What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A. The limitations of the battery in practical use. B. The uncertain future of the bio-based battery. C. The challenges of producing the bio-based battery. D. The possible application of the bio-based battery.
(4) What will the research probably focus on next? A. How the device will work on the roof. B. Whether the device's size can be reduced. C. Whether the device can play a bigger role. D. How the device will adapt to new environments.
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3. 阅读理解

The term Hudson River school was applied to the foremost representatives of nineteenth-century North American landscape painting. Apparently unknown during the golden days of the American landscape movement, which began around 1850 and lasted until the late1860's, the Hudson River school seems to have emerged in the 1870's as a direct result of the struggle between the old and the new generations of artists, each to assert its own style as there presentative American art. The older painters, most of whom were born before 1835, practiced in a mode often self-taught and monopolized by landscape subject matter and were securely established in and fostered by the reigning American art organization, the National Academy of Design.

The younger painters returning home from training in Europe worked more with figural subject matter and in a bold and impressionistic technique; their prospects for patronage in their own country were uncertain, and they sought to attract it by attaining academic recognition in New York. One of the results of the conflict between the two factions was that what in previous years had been referred to as the American, native, or, occasionally, New York school — the most representative school of American art in any genre — had by 1890 become firmly established in the minds of critics and public alike as the Hudson River school.

The sobriquet was first applied around 1879. While it was not intended as flattering, it was hardly inappropriate. The Academicians at whom it was aimed had worked and socialized in New York, the Hudson's port city, and had painted the river and its shores with varying frequency. Most important, perhaps, was that they had all maintained with a certain fidelity a manner of technique and composition consistent with those of America's first popular landscape artist, Thomas Cole, who built a career painting the Catskill Mountain scenery bordering the Hudson River.

A possible implication in the term applied to the group of landscapists was that many of them had, like Cole, lived on or near the banks of the Hudson. Further, the river had long served as the principal route to other sketching grounds favored by the Academicians, particularly the Adirondacks and the mountains of Vermont and New Hampshire different ways.

(1) According to the passage, what was the function of the National Academy of Design for the painters born before 1835? A. It mediated conflicts between artists. B. It supervised the incorporation of new artistic techniques. C. It determined which subjects were appropriate. D. It supported their growth and development.
(2) The word factions is closest in meaning to? A. sides B. people C. cities D. images
(3) Where did the younger generation of painters receive its artistic training? A. In Europe. B. In the Adirondacks. C. In Vermon. D. In New Hampshire.
(4) What is the best title for the text? A. The Nature's Nation B. Hudson River School C. Early painters and their drawings D. North American landscape painting
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