1. 阅读理解

You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, foreing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.

At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called "Strawpocalypse," a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168, 000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源)of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that's part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.

In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate (说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled "Truckload of Plastic" Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10, 000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped(倾倒)from a truck all at once.

Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.

(1) Which is the main idea of the text? A. Artists's opinions on plastic safety B. Media Interest in contemporary art C. Responsibility demanded of big companies D. Ocean plastics transformed into statues
(2) What are Von Wong's artworks intended for? A. Drawing public attention to plastic waste. B. Beautifying the city he lives in. C. Introducing eco-friendly products. D. Reducing garbage on the beach.
(3) Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3? A. To explain why they are useful. B. To voice his views on modern art. C. To show the difficulty of their recycling. D. To find a substitute for them.
(4) What effect would "Truckload of Plastic" have on viewers? A. Worrying B. Calming C. Refreshing D. Challenging
【考点】
主旨大意; 推理判断题; 说明文; 环境保护类;
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1. 阅读理解

    This year's flu season is pretty scary. To try to minimize the effects, public officials are still urging anyone who hasn't yet gotten their flu shot to get one as soon as possible. However, even if every single person got a shot in the arm, the vaccine(疫苗)—with its excellent 36 percent effectiveness—would not prevent everyone from getting infected with the annoying virus. Knowledge is power, so here's what goes on in your body when you come down with the flu.

    The influenza virus primarily attacks your nose, throat, and the tubes that lead to your lungs. But the flu is so much more than that. Your muscles ache, your head hurts, and your appetite goes down, among other things. To our surprise, almost all of these symptoms have less to do with the virus itself than with your immune(免疫的)response to them. Unfortunately, the very defense you have in place to get rid of the flu is the reason you feel so painful when you recover.

    The virus usually enters through your mouth, typically by way of your hands. But it takes a few days for symptoms to set in. While this process might cause some harm to your nose and throat, it's nothing major, and nothing like the symptoms that typically accompany a bad or even mild case of the flu.

    The real fun starts when your immune system begins to fight. Your immune system comes in two parts: the innate system and the adaptive. The innate immune system is essentially an all-purpose tool. As soon as your body senses the presence of any injury or invader (入侵者), the innate immune system launches into action by producing tiny proteins called cytokines and chemokines. The cytokines reproduce almost immediately and start to attack the virus. This increase in immune cells creates an serious inflammation(炎症) throughout the body. But the worst is still to come. Meanwhile, the chemokines work with the adaptive immune system to help create T cells. These cells are a special type of white blood cell that works in a much more specific way: They find the influenza virus, identify what's special about it, and create something unique on their surface that finds and destroys similar invaders.

(1) What can we infer from Paragraph 1? A. All the vaccine is not effective. B. No one can avoid catching this year's flu. C. This year's flu is the most serious one in recent years. D. Public health officials have to use a gun when necessary.
(2) Why many parts of your body suffer while you're recovering from a flu? A. Because recovery from illness is painful. B. Because your immune system is working against your defense system. C. Because your body is fighting hard against the flu. D. Because the influenza virus attacks your nose, throat and other parts.
(3) The underlined word "fun" in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by     . A. joy B. battle C. action D. program
(4) What's the main idea of Paragraph 4? A. The fight between innate immune system and the adaptive. B. The categories of immune system. C. The way immune system works. D. The process of the development of immune system.
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2. 根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    The first summer job is often a signal that you're on your way to adulthood, and it's also a method for earning money to pay for what you dream of. It's never too early to start considering the future. Now, here are some good choices for you!

Retail (零售) Sales

    Retail offers plenty of opportunity for teens who are looking for a job. This type of work can pay from $10 to $15 an hour depending upon the duty you are expected to take on. It can also be great for teens who are friendly and enjoy talking to other people. For more information, call us at 111-222-3333.

Food Service

    A job in the food service industry is a natural fit for sociable teens who enjoy communicating with the public. It allows employees to work as part of a team while learning about following instructions. It also comes with the opportunity to earn between $8 and $10 per hour. Just call 111-222-3533 for more information.

Babysitter

    This job requires someone who is highly responsible. Though it pays generally between $6 and $8 hourly, it also requires a lot of patience. This is a great choice for teens who wish to make a career in teaching, child care, social work or any other field that makes use of social skills or requires interaction with kids. Got a question? Just call 111-222-3336.

Housekeeping

    This type of work can bring in about $5 an hour and it will allow teens to learn responsibility and develop their organizational skills. The summer sees an upswing in the tourism industry, so hotels are often looking for more housekeeping staff, and parks often need more people to assist with keeping public areas clean and organized as well. Telephone: 111-222-3330.

(1) How much can you earn at least in two hours as a retailer? A. $10. B. $12. C. $16. D. $20.
(2) Which of the following jobs may attract teens who want to be a teacher? A. Retail Sales. B. Babysitter. C. Housekeeping. D. Food Service.
(3) The text is mainly written for teens who ________. A. want a part-time job in the summer B. are faced with communication problems C. dream of becoming a housekeeper D. plan to start their own business
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3. 阅读理解

    Music is magic! Music speaks louder than words and it is a "language" that the whole world can understand. A piece of music can produce a response in the heart and mind. Like feeling an electrical current or receiving a personal radio signal, music has a spiritual effect on a person. Different kinds of music influence people in different ways.

    I have listened to music all my life. When I was twelve years old, the Beatles came to America and my whole world opened up. Maybe young people today cannot understand the influence of the Beatles when they exploded across America. Their influence changed the way we dressed, looked, acted and spoke, even our culture. The Beatles arrived in America from the UK just three months after the assassination(暗杀) of President John Kennedy, which had put America into a great depression. And the freshness and lively spirit of the Beatles was exactly what the country needed to refresh itself.

    Music links the heart of the hearer with that of the composer. This means that it mixes the spirit of the composer with your spirit when you listen to it. And the music can take your spirit out of your body and transport you into another world. Music has a great way of touching people. Music can make you laugh, cry or shout. It's also a great source of inspiration.

    Try this one day and notice what happens: make yourself a cup of tea, sit on your sofa and play one of your favorite songs. Close your eyes, and soon you'll find yourself creating vivid mental images matching the music that you are listening to.

(1) Music has magical power because it ________. A. is a kind of language B. can be played much louder than words C. receives a personal radio signal D. can influence a person's spirit
(2) Music influences people in the following ways EXCEPT ________. A. touching and inspiring people B. transport people form one place to another C. allowing people to express their emotions D. connecting the listener and the composer mentally
(3) What does the writer suggest people do in the last paragraph? A. Create vivid pictures. B. Enjoys drinking in spare time. C. Relax and listen to their favorite music. D. Notice everything happening around.
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