1. 阅读理解

Let's face it. You're likely reading this article in an effort to avoid some other tasks you're procrastinating (拖延) to learn how to stop procrastination, but the clock is ticking. So why can't you seem to get rid of that?

Though the psychological causes are still debated, there's a human tendency to over or underestimate the value of a reward based on its temporal proximity(时间接近). This is often referred to as temporal discounting. For example, if I offered you $100 today or 110 in a month, most would take the hundred and run. But what if instead I offered you 100 dollars in a year or 110 in a year and one month, you might say to yourself if I can wait a year I can wait the extra month.

But the time and value difference are the exact same in each example. It. turns out that human motivation is highly influenced by how near the reward is meaning the further away the reward is the more you discount its value. So being online is more appealing than preparing for your test. The problem is surfing the Internet provides many small quick and continuous rewards unlike your test scores which are a future one.

So how do you overcome the urge to put off so many tasks?

Unfortunately there is no definite answer, but try rewarding yourself with a timely snack or other enjoyable activities. The Pomodoro Technique makes use of a timer to work for 25 minutes straight and when you've done this give yourself the reward with a 5-minute break. Then start the working clock again, Gradually increasing the amount of work time you put in will improve your time management skills.

It's been shown that creating a costly deadline is also an effective way to manage your working habits. And try to enjoy the process of achieving something instead of thinking only our minutes of suffering.

(1) What does the underlined word "that" in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. This article. B. Procrastination. C. An effort. D. The clock.
(2) An example is given in Paragraph 2 to make the theory ____. A. interesting B. accurate C. understandable D. influential
(3) Why is surfing online more attractive to students than studying? A. It helps them kill time faster. B. It offers them more information. C. It supplies instant rewards to them. D. It strengthens the bond between friends.
(4) What's a suggested solution to procrastination? A. Rewarding yourself with a future gift. B. Increasing the amount of work time. C. Ignoring the process of doing the task. D. Paying dearly for your procrastination.
【考点】
推理判断题; 细节理解题; 学习教育类; 议论文;
【答案】

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阅读理解 未知 普通
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1.阅读理解

Some time ago, in my class I was about to fail a student for his answer to a physics question when the student claimed he deserved a better score. The examination question sounded "safe".

"Show how it is possible to determine the height of a tall building with the aid of a barometer (压表)." The student had answered: "Take the barometer to the top of the building, attach a long rope to it, lower the barometer to the street, and then bring it up, measuring the length of the rope. The length of the rope is the height of the building."

I argued that a high grade should prove his competence in physics, but the answer did not confirm this. I suggested that the student have another try. Immediately, he worked out his answer: A second best way is to take the barometer to the top of the building. Drop the barometer, timing its fall with a stopwatch. Then, using the formula to calculate the height of the building.

I was shocked by his answer. His method gave me not only a broken barometer but a U-turn in my teaching philosophy. I gave him full marks.

On his leaving my office, I recalled that he suggested there could be a better answer. So I asked him what it was. "Oh, yes," said the student, "There are many ways. Probably the best," he said, "is to take the barometer to the basement and ask the superintendent (楼管). You speak to him as follows: Mr. Superintendent, here I have a fine barometer. If you tell me the height of this building, I will give it to you.

At this point, I asked the student if he really did not know the conventional answer to this question. He admitted that he did, but said that he was fed up with high school instructors' trying to teach him how to think, and to use the so-called "scientific method". He just wanted to solve the problem in a practical manner, not just answer the question in an expected way. Hearing this, I really had nothing to do but give the boy a firm handshake, feeling thankful that I hadn't failed him in the first place and even more thankful, neither had he.

(1) Why did the author want to fail the student in the first place? A. The student challenged his authority. B. The student's answer was not practical. C. The student didn't show his academic ability. D. The student had a poor performance in physics class.
(2) Which of the following can best describe the author's new teaching philosophy? A. Without love there is no education. B. A man becomes learned by asking questions. C. Teaching is to make two ideas grow where only one grew before. D. You can lead your horse to the river, but you can't make it drink.
(3) What made the student abandon the conventional answer? A. Lack of physics-related knowledge. B. Ignorance of the teacher's expectation. C. Intention to deeply impress his teacher. D. Disapproval of existing teaching concepts.
(4) What can we infer from the text? A. The superintendent was a greedy person. B. School education restricted this student's thinking. C. The teacher appreciated the student's answers finally. D. The examination question is a lough physics problem.
阅读理解 未知 普通
2.阅读理解

Juice is a well-known dog who has starred in dozens of Chinese film and television productions. As he gets older and his successful career peaks, his master has one wish for him - to live on.

A dog adopted off the streets, nine year-old Juice—or "Guozhi" in Chinese— is unable to have babies. But his master, animal trainer He Jun, wants to continue his star dog's image by making a clone. "Juice himself is a piece of intellectual property with social influence. " said he.

To achieve that, He went to Sinogene, China's first biotech (生物技术)company to provide pet cloning services. Sinogene made headlines when it successfully cloned a gene-edited dog last year. A month later, it offered commercial cloning services. For at least 380, 000 yuan, pet owners can clone their pets. Songene's pet cloning business is in its initial stages, but the company plans to expand services to eventually include gene editing as more and more pet owners want their pets to accompany them for an even longer period of time.

China's biotech industry is growing rapidly and faces few regulatory barriers. Tin-Lap Lee, an associate professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, said while China has regulations on the use of animals for lab research, there are no laws clearly covering animals cloning. "On the government side, the image of this cloning industry is very high-tech, " said Lee.

Juice's copy, "Little Juice" was born in mid-September and stayed with its surrogate mother (代理孕母) in Sinogene's lab for about a month. The puppy was later given to-He at a small ceremony at which the original Juice was present. While He has not announced Little Juice would start a career in show business, he sees lots of potential (潜力). "We believe he'll be even better than the older Juice. " He said.

(1) What might the image of Juice bring according to his master? A. Great happiness. B. High earnings. C. High technology. D. Unlimited copies.
(2) Why is Sinogene optimistic about its business? A. It meets the strict regulations. B. China has the latest biotech. C. It has been cloning many animals. D. The market demand is growing,
(3) What is the government's attitude to the cloning industry according to Lee? A. Supportive. B. Negative. C. Critical. D. Doubtful.
(4) What did He mean by saying "he'll be even better than the older Juice"? A. Little Juice is easier to train. B. Little Juice has better characters C. Little Juice will become a big dog star D. Little Juice will live longer than Juice
阅读理解 常考题 普通
3.阅读下列短文,从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中,选出最佳选项.

One of the ocean's noisiest creatures is smaller than you'd expect — snapping shrimp (鼓虾). They create a widespread background noise in the underwater environment, which helps them communicate, protect their homes and hunt for food. When enough shrimp snap (发出噼啪声) at once, the noise can be deafening.

Aran Mooney, a biologist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, suggested that with increased ocean temperatures, snapping shrimp will snap more often and louder than before. This could raise the background noise of the global ocean. "They make a sound by closing a claw so fast. This makes a bubble (泡泡) and when that bubble bursts, it makes that snapping sound," said Mooney.

Mooney discovered a strong relationship between warmer waters and more frequent snapping shrimp sounds after experimenting with the shrimp in tanks in the lab and by listening to the shrimp in the ocean at various water temperatures. "As the temperature rises, the snap rate increases," he said. This makes sense because shrimp are essentially cold-blooded animals, meaning their body temperature and activity levels are largely controlled by their living environment. "We can actually show in the field that not only do snap rates increase, but the sound levels increase as well."

How the louder snapping shrimp would affect or benefit the surroundings remained to be seen. "We know that fish use sound to communicate," Mooney said. "If the environment gets noisy, it has the possibility to influence that communication. That's something we have to follow up on." There is also the possibility that the change of snapping shrimp affects machines humans use to discover mines, which could lead to unpleasant results.

(1) What can we know about the snapping shrimp's sound? A. It aims to protect the shrimp. B. It is important to the ecosystem. C. It has different uses for the shrimp. D. It is hard to be discovered by other creatures.
(2) How does Mooney do the experiment? A. By observing snapping shrimp in the field. B. By recording the snap rates in the lab. C. By analyzing the way shrimp make noise. D. By comparing shrimp's sound in different places.
(3) What might Mooney research next? A. Other uses of shrimp's sound. B. Influences of the noise on other creatures. C. Means of communication among fish. D. Methods of stopping shrimp's snapping.
(4) Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A. Underwater World Is No Longer Quiet B. Small Animals Make a Big Difference C. Warming Oceans Are Getting Louder D. Snapping Shrimp's Noise Speaks Much
阅读理解 未知 普通